Ceph snapshots rely on client cooperation in determining which
operations apply to which snapshots, and appropriately flushing
snapshotted data and metadata back to the OSD and MDS clusters.
Because snapshots apply to subtrees of the file hierarchy and can be
created at any time, there is a fair bit of bookkeeping required to
make this work.
Portions of the hierarchy that belong to the same set of snapshots
are described by a single 'snap realm.' A 'snap context' describes
the set of snapshots that exist for a given file or directory.
Signed-off-by: Sage Weil <sage@newdream.net>
The Ceph metadata servers control client access to inode metadata and
file data by issuing capabilities, granting clients permission to read
and/or write both inode field and file data to OSDs (storage nodes).
Each capability consists of a set of bits indicating which operations
are allowed.
If the client holds a *_SHARED cap, the client has a coherent value
that can be safely read from the cached inode.
In the case of a *_EXCL (exclusive) or FILE_WR capabilities, the client
is allowed to change inode attributes (e.g., file size, mtime), note
its dirty state in the ceph_cap, and asynchronously flush that
metadata change to the MDS.
In the event of a conflicting operation (perhaps by another client),
the MDS will revoke the conflicting client capabilities.
In order for a client to cache an inode, it must hold a capability
with at least one MDS server. When inodes are released, release
notifications are batched and periodically sent en masse to the MDS
cluster to release server state.
Signed-off-by: Sage Weil <sage@newdream.net>
The monitor cluster is responsible for managing cluster membership
and state. The monitor client handles what minimal interaction
the Ceph client has with it: checking for updated versions of the
MDS and OSD maps, getting statfs() information, and unmounting.
Signed-off-by: Sage Weil <sage@newdream.net>
CRUSH is a pseudorandom data distribution function designed to map
inputs onto a dynamic hierarchy of devices, while minimizing the
extent to which inputs are remapped when the devices are added or
removed. It includes some features that are specifically useful for
storage, most notably the ability to map each input onto a set of N
devices that are separated across administrator-defined failure
domains. CRUSH is used to distribute data across the cluster of Ceph
storage nodes.
More information about CRUSH can be found in this paper:
http://www.ssrc.ucsc.edu/Papers/weil-sc06.pdf
Signed-off-by: Sage Weil <sage@newdream.net>
The OSD client is responsible for reading and writing data from/to the
object storage pool. This includes determining where objects are
stored in the cluster, and ensuring that requests are retried or
redirected in the event of a node failure or data migration.
If an OSD does not respond before a timeout expires, keepalive
messages are sent across the lossless, ordered communications channel
to ensure that any break in the TCP is discovered. If the session
does reset, a reconnection is attempted and affected requests are
resent (by the message transport layer).
Signed-off-by: Sage Weil <sage@newdream.net>
The MDS (metadata server) client is responsible for submitting
requests to the MDS cluster and parsing the response. We decide which
MDS to submit each request to based on cached information about the
current partition of the directory hierarchy across the cluster. A
stateful session is opened with each MDS before we submit requests to
it, and a mutex is used to control the ordering of messages within
each session.
An MDS request may generate two responses. The first indicates the
operation was a success and returns any result. A second reply is
sent when the operation commits to disk. Note that locking on the MDS
ensures that the results of updates are visible only to the updating
client before the operation commits. Requests are linked to the
containing directory so that an fsync will wait for them to commit.
If an MDS fails and/or recovers, we resubmit requests as needed. We
also reconnect existing capabilities to a recovering MDS to
reestablish that shared session state. Old dentry leases are
invalidated.
Signed-off-by: Sage Weil <sage@newdream.net>
The ceph address space methods are concerned primarily with managing
the dirty page accounting in the inode, which (among other things)
must keep track of which snapshot context each page was dirtied in,
and ensure that dirty data is written out to the OSDs in snapshort
order.
A writepage() on a page that is not currently writeable due to
snapshot writeback ordering constraints is ignored (it was presumably
called from kswapd).
Signed-off-by: Sage Weil <sage@newdream.net>
File open and close operations, and read and write methods that ensure
we have obtained the proper capabilities from the MDS cluster before
performing IO on a file. We take references on held capabilities for
the duration of the read/write to avoid prematurely releasing them
back to the MDS.
We implement two main paths for read and write: one that is buffered
(and uses generic_aio_{read,write}), and one that is fully synchronous
and blocking (operating either on a __user pointer or, if O_DIRECT,
directly on user pages).
Signed-off-by: Sage Weil <sage@newdream.net>
Directory operations, including lookup, are defined here. We take
advantage of lookup intents when possible. For the most part, we just
need to build the proper requests for the metadata server(s) and
pass things off to the mds_client.
The results of most operations are normally incorporated into the
client's cache when the reply is parsed by ceph_fill_trace().
However, if the MDS replies without a trace (e.g., when retrying an
update after an MDS failure recovery), some operation-specific cleanup
may be needed.
We can validate cached dentries in two ways. A per-dentry lease may
be issued by the MDS, or a per-directory cap may be issued that acts
as a lease on the entire directory. In the latter case, a 'gen' value
is used to determine which dentries belong to the currently leased
directory contents.
We normally prepopulate the dcache and icache with readdir results.
This makes subsequent lookups and getattrs avoid any server
interaction. It also lets us satisfy readdir operation by peeking at
the dcache IFF we hold the per-directory cap/lease, previously
performed a readdir, and haven't dropped any of the resulting
dentries.
Signed-off-by: Sage Weil <sage@newdream.net>
Inode cache and inode operations. We also include routines to
incorporate metadata structures returned by the MDS into the client
cache, and some helpers to deal with file capabilities and metadata
leases. The bulk of that work is done by fill_inode() and
fill_trace().
Signed-off-by: Sage Weil <sage@newdream.net>
struct ceph_buffer is a simple ref-counted buffer. We transparently
choose between kmalloc for small buffers and vmalloc for large ones.
This is currently used only for allocating memory for xattr data.
Signed-off-by: Sage Weil <sage@newdream.net>
We first define constants, types, and prototypes for the kernel client
proper.
A few subsystems are defined separately later: the MDS, OSD, and
monitor clients, and the messaging layer.
Signed-off-by: Sage Weil <sage@newdream.net>
These headers describe the types used to exchange messages between the
Ceph client and various servers. All types are little-endian and
packed. These headers are shared between the kernel and userspace, so
all types are in terms of e.g. __u32.
Additionally, we define a few magic values to identify the current
version of the protocol(s) in use, so that discrepancies to be
detected on mount.
Signed-off-by: Sage Weil <sage@newdream.net>
.. duplicated by merging the same fix twice, for details see commit
0d9df2515d ("Merge
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/sam/kbuild-fixes")
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The following commit made console open fails while booting:
commit b50989dc44
Author: Alan Cox <alan@linux.intel.com>
Date: Sat Sep 19 13:13:22 2009 -0700
tty: make the kref destructor occur asynchronously
Due to tty release routines run in a workqueue now, error like the
following will be reported while booting:
INIT open /dev/console Input/output error
It also causes hibernation regression to appear as reported at
http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=14229
The reason is that now there's latency issue with closing, but when
we open a "closing not finished" tty, -EIO will be returned.
Fix it as per the following Alan's suggestion:
Fun but it's actually not a bug and the fix is wrong in itself as
the port may be closing but not yet being destructed, in which case
it seems to do the wrong thing. Opening a tty that is closing (and
could be closing for long periods) is supposed to return -EIO.
I suspect a better way to deal with this and keep the old console
timing is to split tty->shutdown into two functions.
tty->shutdown() - called synchronously just before we dump the tty
onto the waitqueue for destruction
tty->cleanup() - called when the destructor runs.
We would then do the shutdown part which can occur in IRQ context
fine, before queueing the rest of the release (from tty->magic = 0
... the end) to occur asynchronously
The USB update in -next would then need a call like
if (tty->cleanup)
tty->cleanup(tty);
at the top of the async function and the USB shutdown to be split
between shutdown and cleanup as the USB resource cleanup and final
tidy cannot occur synchronously as it needs to sleep.
In other words the logic becomes
final kref put
make object unfindable
async
clean it up
Signed-off-by: Dave Young <hidave.darkstar@gmail.com>
[ rjw: Rebased on top of 2.6.31-git, reworked the changelog. ]
Signed-off-by: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl>
[ Changed serial naming to match new rules, dropped tty_shutdown as per
comments from Alan Stern - Linus ]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit 3d5b6fb47a ("ACPI: Kill overly
verbose "power state" log messages") removed the actual use of this
variable, but didn't remove the variable itself, resulting in build
warnings like
drivers/acpi/processor_idle.c: In function ‘acpi_processor_power_init’:
drivers/acpi/processor_idle.c:1169: warning: unused variable ‘i’
Just get rid of the now unused variable.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* mark struct vm_area_struct::vm_ops as const
* mark vm_ops in AGP code
But leave TTM code alone, something is fishy there with global vm_ops
being used.
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* 'x86-fixes-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip:
x86: Fix hwpoison code related build failure on 32-bit NUMAQ
ia64's sim_defconfig uses CONFIG_ACPI=n
which now #define's acpi_disabled in <linux/acpi.h>
So we shouldn't re-define it here in <asm/acpi.h>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
I was recently lucky enough to get a 64-CPU system, so my kernel log
ends up with 64 lines like:
ACPI: CPU0 (power states: C1[C1] C2[C3])
This is pretty useless clutter because this info is already available
after boot from both /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/cpuidle/state?/ as
well as /proc/acpi/processor/CPU*/power.
So just delete the code that prints the C-states in processor_idle.c.
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <rolandd@cisco.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
This build failure triggers:
In file included from include/linux/suspend.h:8,
from arch/x86/kernel/asm-offsets_32.c:11,
from arch/x86/kernel/asm-offsets.c:2:
include/linux/mm.h:503:2: error: #error SECTIONS_WIDTH+NODES_WIDTH+ZONES_WIDTH > BITS_PER_LONG - NR_PAGEFLAGS
Because due to the hwpoison page flag we ran out of page
flags on 32-bit.
Dont turn on hwpoison on 32-bit NUMA (it's rare in any
case).
Also clean up the Kconfig dependencies in the generic MM
code by introducing ARCH_SUPPORTS_MEMORY_FAILURE.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Don't disable ARB_DISABLE when the familary ID is 0x0F.
http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=14211
This was a 2.6.31 regression, and so this patch
needs to be applied to 2.6.31.stable
Signed-off-by: Zhao Yakui <yakui.zhao@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
The message "ACPI: Device needs an ACPI driver" is misleading. The
device _may_ need an ACPI driver, if the BIOS implemented a custom
API for the device in question (which, AFAIK, can't be checked.) If
not, then either a generic ACPI driver may be used (for example
"thermal"), or nothing can be done (other than a white list).
I propose to reword the message to:
ACPI: If an ACPI driver is available for this device, you should use
it instead of the native driver
which I think is more correct. Comments and suggestions welcome.
I also added a message warning about possible problems and system
instability when users pass acpi_enforce_resources=lax, as suggested
by Len.
Signed-off-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>
Cc: Thomas Renninger <trenn@suse.de>
Cc: Alan Jenkins <sourcejedi.lkml@googlemail.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Fix this problem when CONFIG_THINKPAD_ACPI_HOTKEY_POLL is undefined:
CHECK drivers/platform/x86/thinkpad_acpi.c
drivers/platform/x86/thinkpad_acpi.c:1968:21: error: not an lvalue
CC [M] drivers/platform/x86/thinkpad_acpi.o
drivers/platform/x86/thinkpad_acpi.c: In function 'tpacpi_hotkey_driver_mask_set':
drivers/platform/x86/thinkpad_acpi.c:1968: error: lvalue required as left operand of assignment
Reported-by: Noah Dain <noahdain@gmail.com>
Reported-by: Audrius Kazukauskas <audrius@neutrino.lt>
Signed-off-by: Henrique de Moraes Holschuh <hmh@hmh.eng.br>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
* 'for-linus' of git://git.o-hand.com/linux-rpurdie-backlight:
backlight: new driver for ADP5520/ADP5501 MFD PMICs
backlight: extend event support to also support poll()
backlight/eeepc-laptop: Update the backlight state when we change brightness
backlight/acpi: Update the backlight state when we change brightness
backlight: Allow drivers to update the core, and generate events on changes
backlight: switch to da903x driver to dev_pm_ops
backlight: Add support for the Avionic Design Xanthos backlight device.
backlight: spi driver for LMS283GF05 LCD
backlight: move hp680-bl's probe function to .devinit.text
backlight: Add support for new Apple machines.
backlight: mbp_nvidia_bl: add support for MacBookAir 1,1
backlight: Add WM831x backlight driver
Trivial conflicts due to '#ifdef CONFIG_PM' differences in
drivers/video/backlight/da903x_bl.c
* remove asm/atomic.h inclusion from kref.h -- not needed, linux/types.h
is enough for atomic_t
* remove linux/kref.h inclusion from files which do not need it.
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* 'timers-fixes-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip:
clocksource: Resume clocksource without taking the clocksource mutex
* 'tracing-fixes-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip:
modules, tracing: Remove stale struct marker signature from module_layout()
tracing/workqueue: Use %pf in workqueue trace events
tracing: Fix a comment and a trivial format issue in tracepoint.h
tracing: Fix failure path in ftrace_regex_open()
tracing: Fix failure path in ftrace_graph_write()
tracing: Check the return value of trace_get_user()
tracing: Fix off-by-one in trace_get_user()
* 'x86-fixes-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip:
x86: Remove redundant non-NUMA topology functions
x86: early_printk: Protect against using the same device twice
x86: Reduce verbosity of "PAT enabled" kernel message
x86: Reduce verbosity of "TSC is reliable" message
x86: mce: Use safer ways to access MCE registers
x86: mce, inject: Use real inject-msg in raise_local
x86: mce: Fix thermal throttling message storm
x86: mce: Clean up thermal throttling state tracking code
x86: split NX setup into separate file to limit unstack-protected code
xen: check EFER for NX before setting up GDT mapping
x86: Cleanup linker script using new linker script macros.
x86: Use section .data.page_aligned for the idt_table.
x86: convert to use __HEAD and HEAD_TEXT macros.
x86: convert compressed loader to use __HEAD and HEAD_TEXT macros.
x86: fix fragile computation of vsyscall address
* 'release' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/lenb/linux-acpi-2.6: (32 commits)
ACPI: i2c-scmi: don't use acpi_device_uid()
ACPI: simplify building device HID/CID list
ACPI: remove acpi_device_uid() and related stuff
ACPI: remove acpi_device.flags.hardware_id
ACPI: remove acpi_device.flags.compatible_ids
ACPI: maintain a single list of _HID and _CID IDs
ACPI: make sure every acpi_device has an ID
ACPI: use acpi_device_hid() when possible
ACPI: fix synthetic HID for \_SB_
ACPI: handle re-enumeration, when acpi_devices might already exist
ACPI: factor out device type and status checking
ACPI: add acpi_bus_get_status_handle()
ACPI: use acpi_walk_namespace() to enumerate devices
ACPI: identify device tree root by null parent pointer, not ACPI_BUS_TYPE
ACPI: enumerate namespace before adding functional fixed hardware devices
ACPI: convert acpi_bus_scan() to operate on an acpi_handle
ACPI: add acpi_bus_get_parent() and remove "parent" arguments
ACPI: remove unnecessary argument checking
ACPI: remove redundant "type" arguments
ACPI: remove acpi_device_set_context() "type" argument
...
* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/sfrench/cifs-2.6:
cifs: fix locking and list handling code in cifs_open and its helper
[CIFS] Remove build warning
cifs: fix problems with last two commits
[CIFS] Fix build break when keys support turned off
cifs: eliminate cifs_init_private
cifs: convert oplock breaks to use slow_work facility (try #4)
cifs: have cifsFileInfo hold an extra inode reference
cifs: take read lock on GlobalSMBSes_lock in is_valid_oplock_break
cifs: remove cifsInodeInfo.oplockPending flag
cifs: fix oplock request handling in posix codepath
[CIFS] Re-enable Lanman security
* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/davem/net-2.6:
at91_can: Forgotten git 'add' of at91_can.c
TI Davinci EMAC: Fix in vector definition for EMAC_VERSION_2
ax25: Fix ax25_cb refcounting in ax25_ctl_ioctl
virtio_net: Check for room in the vq before adding buffer
virtio_net: avoid (most) NETDEV_TX_BUSY by stopping queue early.
virtio_net: formalize skb_vnet_hdr
virtio_net: don't free buffers in xmit ring
virtio_net: return NETDEV_TX_BUSY instead of queueing an extra skb.
virtio_net: skb_orphan() and nf_reset() in xmit path.
* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/davem/sparc-2.6:
sparc64: vio: Kill BUILD_BUG_ON() in vio_dring_avail().
Trivial conflict in arch/sparc/include/asm/vio.h due to David removing
the whole messy BUG_ON that was confused.
Commit 200b812d00 "Clear the exclusive monitor when returning from an
exception" broke the vast majority of ARM systems in the wild which are
still pre ARMv6. The kernel is crashing on the first occurrence of an
exception due to the removal of the actual return instruction for them.
Let's add it back.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@marvell.com>
Acked-by: Uwe Kleine-König <u.kleine-koenig@pengutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Extend the backlight event support to also allow the use of
poll()/select() on actual_brightness.
We already have the entire event hookup anyway, adding a single
function call in one line to get functionality like that is a really
good deal.
Signed-off-by: Henrique de Moraes Holschuh <hmh@hmh.eng.br>
Signed-off-by: Richard Purdie <rpurdie@linux.intel.com>
We recently removed the acpi_device_uid() interface because nobody
used it. I don't think it's essential here either.
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
