* Wim Van Sebroeck <wim@iguana.be> wrote:
> Author: Jordan Crouse <jordan.crouse@amd.com>
> Date: Mon Jan 21 10:07:00 2008 -0700
>
> [WATCHDOG] Add a watchdog driver based on the CS5535/CS5536 MFGPT timers
-tip testing found the following build failure on latest -git:
drivers/watchdog/geodewdt.c: In function 'geodewdt_probe':
drivers/watchdog/geodewdt.c:225: error: too many arguments to function 'geode_mfgpt_alloc_timer'
make[1]: *** [drivers/watchdog/geodewdt.o] Error 1
make: *** [drivers/watchdog/geodewdt.o] Error 2
with this config:
http://redhat.com/~mingo/misc/config-Fri_May_30_15_19_52_CEST_2008.bad
find the fix below.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Acked-by: Jordan Crouse <jordan.crouse@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* 'for-linus' of git://git390.osdl.marist.edu/pub/scm/linux-2.6:
[S390] Update default configuration.
[S390] disassembler: fix idte instruction format.
[S390] tape: fix race with stack local wait_queue_head_t.
[S390] 3270: fix race with stack local wait_queue_head_t.
[S390] dasd: use a generic wait_queue for sleep_on
[S390] sclp_vt220: fix scheduling while atomic bug.
[S390] showmem: Only walk spanned pages.
[S390] appldata: prevent cpu hotplug when walking cpu_online_map.
[S390] Fix section mismatch warnings.
[S390] s390 types: make dma_addr_t 64 bit capable
[S390] tape: Fix race condition in tape block device driver
[S390] fix sparsemem related compile error with allnoconfig on s390
In this case we want a constant pointer to constant chars:
drivers/misc/thinkpad_acpi.c:3824:19: error: Just how const do you want this type to be?
Like the error says.
drivers/misc/thinkpad_acpi.c:3863:19: error: Just how const do you want this type to be?
drivers/misc/thinkpad_acpi.c:3864:19: error: Just how const do you want this type to be?
drivers/misc/thinkpad_acpi.c:3865:19: error: Just how const do you want this type to be?
drivers/misc/thinkpad_acpi.c:3866:19: error: Just how const do you want this type to be?
Signed-off-by: Harvey Harrison <harvey.harrison@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Henrique de Moraes Holschuh <hmh@hmh.eng.br>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The SW_RADIO code for EV_SW events has a name that is not descriptive
enough of its intended function, and could induce someone to think
KEY_RADIO is its EV_KEY counterpart, which is false.
Rename it to SW_RFKILL_ALL, and document what this event is for. Keep
the old name around, to avoid userspace ABI breaks.
The SW_RFKILL_ALL event is meant to be used by rfkill master switches. It
is not bound to a particular radio switch type, and usually applies to all
types. It is semantically tied to master rfkill switches that enable or
disable every radio in a system.
Signed-off-by: Henrique de Moraes Holschuh <hmh@hmh.eng.br>
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Torokhov <dtor@mail.ru>
The code would try to free 'report' twice upon input_register_device()
failure.
Reported-by: Julia Lawall <julia@diku.dk>
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Torokhov <dtor@mail.ru>
llc_sap_rcv was being preceded by skb_set_owner_r, then calling
llc_state_process that calls sock_queue_rcv_skb, that in turn calls
skb_set_owner_r again making the space allowed to be used by the socket to be
leaked, making the socket to get stuck.
Fix it by setting skb->sk at llc_sap_rcv and leave the accounting to be done
only at sock_queue_rcv_skb.
Reported-by: Dmitry Petukhov <dmgenp@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Dmitry Petukhov <dmgenp@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
The correct instruction format of idte is "idte r1,r3,r2" with
r1 at bit 24, r3 at bit 16 and r2 at bit 28.
Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
A wait_event call with a stack local wait_queue_head_t structure that is
used to do the wake up for the wait_event is inherently racy. After the
wait_event finished the wake_up call might not have completed yet.
Replace the stack local wait_queue_head_t in tape_do_io and
tape_do_io_interruptible with a per device wait queue.
Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
A wait_event call with a stack local wait_queue_head_t structure that is
used to do the wake up for the wait_event is inherently racy. After the
wait_event finished the wake_up call might not have completed yet.
Remove the stack local wait_queue_head_t from raw3270_start_init and
use the global raw3270_wait_queue instead.
Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Use a generic wait_queue to prevent the wait_queue in dasd_sleep_on_
functions from being referenced by callback_data while it does not
exist any more.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Haberland <stefan.haberland@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
The driver incorrectly assumed that putchar will only be called from
schedulable process context and therefore blocked and waited if no
free output buffers where available.
Since putchar may also be called from BH context this may lead to
deadlocks.
To fix this just return the number of characters accepted and let the
upper layer handle the rest.
The console write function will busy wait (sclp_sync_wait) until a
buffer is available again.
Cc: Peter Oberparleiter <peter.oberparleiter@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Convert show_mem() so its nearly the same as on x86/powerpc.
Gives us proper locking and we get also rid of the only use of max_mapnr.
Also the number of pages was contained in an int which might not be
sufficient not too far in the future.
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@saeurebad.de>
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Use get_online_cpus() to prevent cpu hotplug in situations where
for_each_online_cpu() is called.
Signed-off-by: Gerald Schaefer <gerald.schaefer@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
This fixes the last remaining section mismatch warnings in s390
architecture code. It reveals also a real bug introduced by... me
with git commit 2069e978d5
("[S390] sparsemem vmemmap: initialize memmap.")
Calling the generic vmemmap_alloc_block() function to get initialized
memory is a nice idea, however that function is __meminit annotated
and therefore the function might be gone if we try to call it later.
This can happen if a DCSS segment gets added.
So basically revert the patch and clear the memmap explicitly to fix
the original bug.
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
virtio tests with guests larger than 4 GB revealed that the dma_addr_t
definition for s390 did not make it into the 64bit world.
This patch changes the definition on s390 to have an u64 on 64bit and
u32 on 32bit systems.
Signed-off-by: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Due to incorrect function call sequence it can happen that a tape block
request is finished before the request is taken from the block request queue.
The following sequence leads to that condition:
* tapeblock_start_request() -> start CCW program
* Request finishes -> IO interrupt
* tapeblock_end_request()
* end_that_request_last()
If blkdev_dequeue_request() has not been called before end_that_request_last(),
a kernel bug is triggered in end_that_request_last() because the request is
still queued. To solve that problem blkdev_dequeue_request() has to be called
before starting the CCW program.
Signed-off-by: Michael Holzheu <holzheu@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
On s390 make allnoconfig fails with the following build error:
arch/s390/mm/init.c: In function 'show_mem':
arch/s390/mm/init.c:55: error: implicit declaration of function 'pfn_valid'
make[1]: *** [arch/s390/mm/init.o] Error 1
make: *** [arch/s390/mm] Error 2
This problem can by fixed ensuring that ARCH_SELECT_MEMORY_MODEL
is always turned on.
Signed-off-by: Hans-Joachim Picht <hans@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/usb-2.6:
Revert "USB: EHCI: fix performance regression"
USB: fsl_usb2_udc: fix recursive lock
USB: usb-serial: option: Don't match Huawei driver CD images
USB: pl2303: another product ID
USB: add another scanner quirk
USB: Add support for ROKR W5 in unusual_devs.h
USB: Fix M600i unusual_devs entry
USB: usb-storage: unusual_devs update for Cypress ATACB
USB: EHCI: fix performance regression
USB: EHCI: fix bug in Iso scheduling
USB: EHCI: fix remote-wakeup regression
USB: EHCI: suppress unwanted error messages
USB: EHCI: fix up root-hub TT mess
USB: add all configs to the "descriptors" attribute
USB: fix possible deadlock involving sysfs attributes
USB: Firmware loader driver for USB Apple iSight camera
USB: FTDI_SIO : Add support for Matrix Orbital PID Range
Create the dev_set_name function now so that various subsystems can
start changing over to it before other changes in 2.6.27 will make it
compulsory.
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
This reverts commit fa38dfcc56.
It wasn't really a regression and David and Alan are still working
through the issues reported.
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Add the interface info matching to all Huawei cards, as they all also
contain a Mass Storage Device interface (usually containing Windows
drivers) which should not get bound by this driver.
See also drivers/usb/storage/unusual_devs.h
Signed-off-by: Michael Karcher <kernel@mkarcher.dialup.fu-berlin.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
I've just got a USB GPRS/EDGE modem branded Manufacturer Micromax Model
MMX610U (see http://www.airtel.in/level2_t3data.aspx?path=1/106/179)
working by adding another product ID to pl2303. Modem info reports same
module as Max Arnold's i.e.SIMCOM SIM600 but with product ID 0x0612
(cf Ox0611).
From: Steve Murphy <steve@gnusis.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Like the HP53{00,70} scanner other devices of the OEM Avision require
the USB_QUIRK_STRING_FETCH_255 to correct set a configuration with
"recent" Linux kernels.
Signed-off-by: René Rebe <rene@exactcode.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
This patch adds support for rev 2 of an existing unusual_devs entry
enabling ROKR W5s to work. Greg, please apply.
From: Javier Smaldone <javier@smaldone.com.ar>
Signed-off-by: Phil Dibowitz <phil@ipom.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
It turns out that the unusual_devs entry for the Motorola M600i needs
another flag. This patch adds it. Thanks to Atte André Jensen
<atte@ballbreaker.dk>.
Signed-off-by: Phil Dibowitz <phil@ipom.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
This patch (as1101) updates the unusual_devs entry for the Cypress
ATACB pass-through. The protocol field is changed from US_PR_BULK to
US_PR_DEVICE, since the Cypress devices already set bInterfaceProtocol
to Bulk-only.
Signed-off-by: Alan Stern <stern@rowland.harvard.edu>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
This patch (as1099) fixes a performance regression in ehci-hcd. The
fundamental problem is that queue headers get removed from the
schedule too quickly, since the code checks for a counter advancing
rather than making an actual time-based check. The latency involved
in removing the queue header and then relinking it can severely
degrade certain kinds of workloads.
The patch replaces a simple counter with a timestamp derived from the
controller's uframe value. In addition, the delay for unlinking an
idle queue header is increased from 5 ms to 10 ms; since some
controllers (nVidia) have a latency of up to 1 ms for unlinking, this
reduces the relative impact from 20% to 10%.
Finally, a logical error left over from the IAA watchdog-timer
conversion is corrected. Now the driver will always either unlink an
idle queue header or set up a timer to unlink it later. The old code
would sometimes fail to do either.
Signed-off-by: Alan Stern <stern@rowland.harvard.edu>
Cc: David Brownell <david-b@pacbell.net>
Cc: Leonid <leonidv11@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
This patch (as1098) changes the way ehci-hcd schedules its periodic
Iso transfers. That the current scheduling code is wrong is clear on
the face of it: Sometimes it returns -EL2NSYNC (meaning that an URB
couldn't be scheduled because it was submitted too late), but it does
this even when the URB_ISO_ASAP flag is set (meaning the URB should be
scheduled as soon as possible).
The new code properly implements as-soon-as-possible scheduling,
assigning the next unexpired slot as the URB's starting point. It
also is more careful about checking for Iso URB completion: It doesn't
bother to check for activity during frames that are already over,
and it allows for the possibility that some of the URB's packets may
have raced the hardware when they were submitted and so never got used
(the packet status is set to -EXDEV).
This fixes problems several people have experienced with USB video
applications.
Signed-off-by: Alan Stern <stern@rowland.harvard.edu>
Acked-by: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
This patch (as1097) fixes a bug in the remote-wakeup handling in
ehci-hcd. The driver currently does not keep track of whether the
change-suspend feature is enabled for each port; the feature is
automatically reset the first time it is read. But recent changes to
the hub driver require that the feature be read at least twice in
order to work properly.
A bit-vector is added for storing the change-suspend feature values.
Signed-off-by: Alan Stern <stern@rowland.harvard.edu>
Acked-by: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
This patch (as1096) fixes an annoying problem: When a full-speed or
low-speed device is plugged into an EHCI controller, it fails to
enumerate at high speed and then is handed over to the companion
controller. But usbcore logs a misleading and unwanted error message
when the high-speed enumeration fails.
The patch adds a new HCD method, port_handed_over, which asks whether
a port has been handed over to a companion controller. If it has, the
error message is suppressed.
Signed-off-by: Alan Stern <stern@rowland.harvard.edu>
CC: David Brownell <david-b@pacbell.net>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
This patch (as1095) cleans up the HCD glue and several of the EHCI
bus-glue files. The ehci->is_tdi_rh_tt flag is redundant, since it
means the same thing as the hcd->has_tt flag, so it is removed and the
other flag used in its place.
Some of the bus-glue files didn't get the relinquish_port method added
to their hc_driver structures. Although that routine currently
doesn't do anything for controllers with an integrated TT, in the
future it might. So the patch adds it where it is missing.
Lastly, some of the bus-glue files have erroneous entries for their
hc_driver's suspend and resume methods. These method pointers are
specific to PCI and shouldn't be used otherwise.
(The patch also includes an invisible whitespace fix.)
Signed-off-by: Alan Stern <stern@rowland.harvard.edu>
Acked-by: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net>
This patch (as1094) changes the output of the "descriptors" binary
attribute. Now it will contain the device descriptor followed by all
the configuration descriptors, not just the descriptor for the current
config.
Userspace libraries want to have access to the kernel's cached
descriptor information, so they can learn about device characteristics
without having to wake up suspended devices. So far the only user of
this attribute is the new libusb-1.0 library; thus changing its
contents shouldn't cause any problems.
This should be considered for 2.6.26, if for no other reason than to
minimize the range of releases in which the attribute contains only the
current config descriptor.
Also, it doesn't hurt that the patch removes the device locking --
which was formerly needed in order to know for certain which config was
indeed current.
Signed-off-by: Alan Stern <stern@rowland.harvard.edu>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
There is a potential deadlock when the usb_generic driver is unbound
from a device. The problem is that generic_disconnect() is called
with the device lock held, and it removes a bunch of device attributes
from sysfs. If a user task happens to be running an attribute method
at the time, the removal will block until the method returns. But at
least one of the attribute methods (the store routine for power/level)
needs to acquire the device lock!
This patch (as1093) eliminates the deadlock by moving the calls to
create and remove the sysfs attributes from the usb_generic driver
into usb_new_device() and usb_disconnect(), where they can be invoked
without holding the device lock.
Besides, the other sysfs attributes are created when the device is
registered and removed when the device is unregistered. So it seems
only fitting for the extra attributes to be created and removed at the
same time.
Signed-off-by: Alan Stern <stern@rowland.harvard.edu>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Uninitialised Apple iSight drivers present with a distinctive USB ID.
Once firmware has been uploaded, they disconnect and reconnect with a
new ID. At this point they can be driven by the uvcvideo driver. As this
is unique to the Apple cameras and not functionality shared by any other
UVC devices, it makes sense to provide the firmware loading
functionality in a separate driver. This driver will read an isight.fw
file extracted from the Apple driver using the tools at
http://bersace03.free.fr/ift/ and upload it to the camera. It will also
handle the case where the device loses its firmware during hibernation
and must have it reloaded.
Signed-off-by: Matthew Garrett <mjg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
This patch adds support for the range of PIDs
that have been allocated for FTDI based devices
at Matrix Orbital.
A small number of units have been shipped early 2008
with a faulty USB Descriptor. Products that may have
this issue have been marked with the existing quirk to
work around the problem.
Signed-off-by: R. Molenkamp <rmolenkamp@matrixorbital.ca>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
In drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq.c the function cpufreq_add_dev() takes the
error exit 'err_out_unregister' from different places once with the
'cpu_policy_rwsem' lock held, once with the lock released:
| if (ret)
| goto err_out_unregister;
| }
|
| policy->governor = NULL; /* to assure that the starting sequence is
| * run in cpufreq_set_policy */
|
| /* set default policy */
| ret = __cpufreq_set_policy(policy, &new_policy);
| policy->user_policy.policy = policy->policy;
| policy->user_policy.governor = policy->governor;
|
| unlock_policy_rwsem_write(cpu);
|
| if (ret) {
| dprintk("setting policy failed\n");
| goto err_out_unregister;
| }
This leads to the following error message in case of a failing
__cpufreq_set_policy() call:
=====================================
[ BUG: bad unlock balance detected! ]
-------------------------------------
swapper/1 is trying to release lock (&per_cpu(cpu_policy_rwsem, cpu)) at:
[<c01b4564>] unlock_policy_rwsem_write+0x30/0x40
but there are no more locks to release!
other info that might help us debug this:
1 lock held by swapper/1:
#0: (sysdev_drivers_lock){--..}, at: [<c018fd18>] sysdev_driver_register+0x74/0x130
stack backtrace:
[<c002f588>] (dump_stack+0x0/0x14) from [<c00692fc>] (print_unlock_inbalance_bug+0xc8/0x104)
[<c0069234>] (print_unlock_inbalance_bug+0x0/0x104) from [<c006b7ac>] (lock_release_non_nested+0xc4/0x19c)
r6:00000028 r5:c3c1ab80 r4:c01b4564
[<c006b6e8>] (lock_release_non_nested+0x0/0x19c) from [<c006b9e0>] (lock_release+0x15c/0x18c)
r8:60000013 r7:00000001 r6:c01b4564 r5:c0541bb4 r4:c3c1ab80
[<c006b884>] (lock_release+0x0/0x18c) from [<c0061ba0>] (up_write+0x24/0x30)
r8:c0541b80 r7:00000000 r6:ffffffea r5:c3c34828 r4:c0541b8c
[<c0061b7c>] (up_write+0x0/0x30) from [<c01b4564>] (unlock_policy_rwsem_write+0x30/0x40)
r4:c3c34884
[<c01b4534>] (unlock_policy_rwsem_write+0x0/0x40) from [<c01b4c40>] (cpufreq_add_dev+0x324/0x398)
[<c01b491c>] (cpufreq_add_dev+0x0/0x398) from [<c018fd64>] (sysdev_driver_register+0xc0/0x130)
[<c018fca4>] (sysdev_driver_register+0x0/0x130) from [<c01b3574>] (cpufreq_register_driver+0xbc/0x174)
Signed-off-by: Lothar Waßmann <LW@KARO-electronics.de>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
improve the sysbench ramp-up phase and its peak throughput on
a 16way NUMA box, by turning on WAKE_AFFINE:
tip/sched tip/sched+wake-affine
-------------------------------------------------
1: 700 830 +15.65%
2: 1465 1391 -5.28%
4: 3017 3105 +2.81%
8: 5100 6021 +15.30%
16: 10725 10745 +0.19%
32: 10135 10150 +0.16%
64: 9338 9240 -1.06%
128: 8599 8252 -4.21%
256: 8475 8144 -4.07%
-------------------------------------------------
SUM: 57558 57882 +0.56%
this change also improves lat_ctx from 6.69 usecs to 1.11 usec:
$ ./lat_ctx -s 0 2
"size=0k ovr=1.19
2 1.11
$ ./lat_ctx -s 0 2
"size=0k ovr=1.22
2 6.69
in sysbench it's an overall win with some weakness at the lots-of-clients
side. That happens because we now under-balance this workload
a bit. To counter that effect, turn on NEWIDLE:
wake-idle wake-idle+newidle
-------------------------------------------------
1: 830 834 +0.43%
2: 1391 1401 +0.65%
4: 3105 3091 -0.43%
8: 6021 6046 +0.42%
16: 10745 10736 -0.08%
32: 10150 10206 +0.55%
64: 9240 9533 +3.08%
128: 8252 8355 +1.24%
256: 8144 8384 +2.87%
-------------------------------------------------
SUM: 57882 58591 +1.21%
as a bonus this not only improves the many-clients case but
also improves the (more important) rampup phase.
sysbench is a workload that quickly breaks down if the
scheduler over-balances, so since it showed an improvement
under NEWIDLE this change is definitely good.
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@parallels.com>
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Prevent short-running wakers of short-running threads from overloading a single
cpu via wakeup affinity, and wire up disconnected debug option.
Signed-off-by: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Make sched_clock_cpu() return 0 before it has been initialized and avoid
corrupting its state due to doing so.
This fixes the weird printk timestamp jump reported.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Yanmin Zhang reported:
Comparing with 2.6.25, volanoMark has big regression with kernel 2.6.26-rc1.
It's about 50% on my 8-core stoakley, 16-core tigerton, and Itanium Montecito.
With bisect, I located the following patch:
| 18d95a2832 is first bad commit
| commit 18d95a2832
| Author: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
| Date: Sat Apr 19 19:45:00 2008 +0200
|
| sched: fair-group: SMP-nice for group scheduling
Revert it so that we get v2.6.25 behavior.
Bisected-by: Yanmin Zhang <yanmin_zhang@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>