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727 lines
30 KiB
Plaintext
727 lines
30 KiB
Plaintext
*treesitter.txt* Nvim
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NVIM REFERENCE MANUAL
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Tree-sitter integration *treesitter*
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Type |gO| to see the table of contents.
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------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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VIM.TREESITTER *lua-treesitter*
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Nvim integrates the tree-sitter library for incremental parsing of buffers.
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*vim.treesitter.language_version*
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To check which language version is compiled with neovim, the number is stored
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within `vim.treesitter.language_version`. This number is not too helpful
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unless you are wondering about compatibility between different versions of
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compiled grammars.
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Parser files *treesitter-parsers*
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Parsers are the heart of tree-sitter. They are libraries that tree-sitter will
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search for in the `parser` runtime directory. Currently Nvim does not provide
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the tree-sitter parsers, instead these must be built separately, for instance
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using the tree-sitter utility. The only exception is a C parser being included
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in official builds for testing purposes. Parsers are searched for as
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`parser/{lang}.*` in any 'runtimepath' directory.
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A parser can also be loaded manually using a full path: >
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vim.treesitter.require_language("python", "/path/to/python.so")
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<Create a parser for a buffer and a given language (if another plugin uses the
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same buffer/language combination, it will be safely reused). Use >
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parser = vim.treesitter.get_parser(bufnr, lang)
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<`bufnr=0` can be used for current buffer. `lang` will default to 'filetype'.
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Currently, the parser will be retained for the lifetime of a buffer but this
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is subject to change. A plugin should keep a reference to the parser object as
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long as it wants incremental updates.
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Parser methods *lua-treesitter-parser*
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tsparser:parse() *tsparser:parse()*
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Whenever you need to access the current syntax tree, parse the buffer: >
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tstree = parser:parse()
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<This will return a table of immutable trees that represent the current state of the
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buffer. When the plugin wants to access the state after a (possible) edit
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it should call `parse()` again. If the buffer wasn't edited, the same tree will
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be returned again without extra work. If the buffer was parsed before,
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incremental parsing will be done of the changed parts.
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Note: to use the parser directly inside a |nvim_buf_attach| Lua callback, you
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must call `get_parser()` before you register your callback. But preferably
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parsing shouldn't be done directly in the change callback anyway as they will
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be very frequent. Rather a plugin that does any kind of analysis on a tree
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should use a timer to throttle too frequent updates.
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tsparser:set_included_regions({region_list}) *tsparser:set_included_regions()*
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Changes the regions the parser should consider. This is used for
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language injection. {region_list} should be of the form (all zero-based): >
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{
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{node1, node2},
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...
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}
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<
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`node1` and `node2` are both considered part of the same region and
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will be parsed together with the parser in the same context.
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Tree methods *lua-treesitter-tree*
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tstree:root() *tstree:root()*
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Return the root node of this tree.
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tstree:copy() *tstree:copy()*
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Returns a copy of the `tstree`.
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Node methods *lua-treesitter-node*
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tsnode:parent() *tsnode:parent()*
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Get the node's immediate parent.
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tsnode:iter_children() *tsnode:iter_children()*
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Iterates over all the direct children of {tsnode}, regardless of
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wether they are named or not.
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Returns the child node plus the eventual field name corresponding to
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this child node.
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tsnode:field({name}) *tsnode:field()*
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Returns a table of the nodes corresponding to the {name} field.
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tsnode:child_count() *tsnode:child_count()*
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Get the node's number of children.
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tsnode:child({index}) *tsnode:child()*
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Get the node's child at the given {index}, where zero represents the
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first child.
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tsnode:named_child_count() *tsnode:named_child_count()*
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Get the node's number of named children.
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tsnode:named_child({index}) *tsnode:named_child()*
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Get the node's named child at the given {index}, where zero represents
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the first named child.
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tsnode:start() *tsnode:start()*
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Get the node's start position. Return three values: the row, column
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and total byte count (all zero-based).
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tsnode:end_() *tsnode:end_()*
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Get the node's end position. Return three values: the row, column
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and total byte count (all zero-based).
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tsnode:range() *tsnode:range()*
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Get the range of the node. Return four values: the row, column
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of the start position, then the row, column of the end position.
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tsnode:type() *tsnode:type()*
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Get the node's type as a string.
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tsnode:symbol() *tsnode:symbol()*
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Get the node's type as a numerical id.
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tsnode:named() *tsnode:named()*
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Check if the node is named. Named nodes correspond to named rules in
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the grammar, whereas anonymous nodes correspond to string literals
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in the grammar.
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tsnode:missing() *tsnode:missing()*
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Check if the node is missing. Missing nodes are inserted by the
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parser in order to recover from certain kinds of syntax errors.
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tsnode:has_error() *tsnode:has_error()*
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Check if the node is a syntax error or contains any syntax errors.
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tsnode:sexpr() *tsnode:sexpr()*
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Get an S-expression representing the node as a string.
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tsnode:id() *tsnode:id()*
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Get an unique identier for the node inside its own tree.
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No guarantees are made about this identifer's internal representation,
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except for being a primitive lua type with value equality (so not a table).
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Presently it is a (non-printable) string.
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Note: the id is not guaranteed to be unique for nodes from different
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trees.
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tsnode:descendant_for_range({start_row}, {start_col}, {end_row}, {end_col})
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*tsnode:descendant_for_range()*
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Get the smallest node within this node that spans the given range of
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(row, column) positions
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tsnode:named_descendant_for_range({start_row}, {start_col}, {end_row}, {end_col})
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*tsnode:named_descendant_for_range()*
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Get the smallest named node within this node that spans the given
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range of (row, column) positions
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Query *lua-treesitter-query*
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Tree-sitter queries are supported, they are a way to do pattern-matching over
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a tree, using a simple to write lisp-like format. See
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https://tree-sitter.github.io/tree-sitter/using-parsers#query-syntax for more
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information on how to write queries.
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Note: The perdicates listed in the web page above differ from those Neovim
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supports. See |lua-treesitter-predicates| for a complete list of predicates
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supported by Neovim.
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A `query` consists of one or more patterns. A `pattern` is defined over node
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types in the syntax tree. A `match` corresponds to specific elements of the
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syntax tree which match a pattern. Patterns may optionally define captures
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and predicates. A `capture` allows you to associate names with a specific
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node in a pattern. A `predicate` adds arbitrary metadata and conditional data
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to a match.
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Treesitter Query Predicates *lua-treesitter-predicates*
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When writing queries for treesitter, one might use `predicates`, that is,
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special scheme nodes that are evaluted to verify things on a captured node for
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example, the |eq?| predicate : >
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((identifier) @foo (#eq? @foo "foo"))
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This will only match identifier corresponding to the `"foo"` text.
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Here is a list of built-in predicates :
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`eq?` *ts-predicate-eq?*
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This predicate will check text correspondance between nodes or
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strings : >
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((identifier) @foo (#eq? @foo "foo"))
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((node1) @left (node2) @right (#eq? @left @right))
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<
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`match?` *ts-predicate-match?*
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`vim-match?` *ts-predicate-vim-match?*
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This will match if the provived vim regex matches the text
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corresponding to a node : >
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((idenfitier) @constant (#match? @constant "^[A-Z_]+$"))
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< Note: the `^` and `$` anchors will respectively match the
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start and end of the node's text.
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`lua-match?` *ts-predicate-lua-match?*
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This will match the same way than |match?| but using lua
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regexes.
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`contains?` *ts-predicate-contains?*
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Will check if any of the following arguments appears in the
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text corresponding to the node : >
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((identifier) @foo (#contains? @foo "foo"))
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((identifier) @foo-bar (#contains @foo-bar "foo" "bar"))
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<
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`any-of?` *ts-predicate-any-of?*
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Will check if the text is the same as any of the following
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This is the recommended way to check if the node matches one
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of many keywords for exemple, as it has been optimized for
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this.
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arguments : >
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((identifier) @foo (#any-of? @foo "foo" "bar"))
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<
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*lua-treesitter-not-predicate*
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Each predicate has a `not-` prefixed predicate that is just the negation of
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the predicate.
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Treesitter Query Directive *lua-treesitter-directives*
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Treesitter queries can also contain `directives`. Directives store metadata for a node
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or match and perform side effects. for example, the |set!| predicate sets metadata on
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the match or node : >
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((identifier) @foo (#set! "type" "parameter"))
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Here is a list of built-in directives:
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`set!` *ts-directive-set!*
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Sets key/value metadata for a specific node or match : >
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((identifier) @foo (#set! @foo "kind" "parameter"))
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((node1) @left (node2) @right (#set! "type" "pair"))
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<
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`offset!` *ts-predicate-offset!*
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Takes the range of the captured node and applies the offsets
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to it's range : >
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((idenfitier) @constant (#offset! @constant 0 1 0 -1))
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< This will generate a range object for the captured node with the
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offsets applied. The arguments are
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`({capture_id}, {start_row}, {start_col}, {end_row}, {end_col}, {key?})`
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The default key is "offset".
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Treesitter syntax highlighting (WIP) *lua-treesitter-highlight*
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NOTE: This is a partially implemented feature, and not usable as a default
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solution yet. What is documented here is a temporary interface intended
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for those who want to experiment with this feature and contribute to
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its development.
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Highlights are defined in the same query format as in the tree-sitter highlight
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crate, which some limitations and additions. Set a highlight query for a
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buffer with this code: >
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local query = [[
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"for" @keyword
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"if" @keyword
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"return" @keyword
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(string_literal) @string
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(number_literal) @number
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(comment) @comment
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(preproc_function_def name: (identifier) @function)
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; ... more definitions
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]]
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highlighter = vim.treesitter.TSHighlighter.new(query, bufnr, lang)
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-- alternatively, to use the current buffer and its filetype:
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-- highlighter = vim.treesitter.TSHighlighter.new(query)
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-- Don't recreate the highlighter for the same buffer, instead
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-- modify the query like this:
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local query2 = [[ ... ]]
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highlighter:set_query(query2)
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As mentioned above the supported predicate is currently only `eq?`. `match?`
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predicates behave like matching always fails. As an addition a capture which
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begin with an upper-case letter like `@WarningMsg` will map directly to this
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highlight group, if defined. Also if the predicate begins with upper-case and
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contains a dot only the part before the first will be interpreted as the
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highlight group. As an example, this warns of a binary expression with two
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identical identifiers, highlighting both as |hl-WarningMsg|: >
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((binary_expression left: (identifier) @WarningMsg.left right: (identifier) @WarningMsg.right)
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(eq? @WarningMsg.left @WarningMsg.right))
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<
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==============================================================================
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Lua module: vim.treesitter *lua-treesitter-core*
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get_parser({bufnr}, {lang}, {opts}) *get_parser()*
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Gets the parser for this bufnr / ft combination.
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If needed this will create the parser. Unconditionnally attach
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the provided callback
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Parameters: ~
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{bufnr} The buffer the parser should be tied to
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{lang} The filetype of this parser
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{opts} Options object to pass to the created language
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tree
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Return: ~
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The parser
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get_string_parser({str}, {lang}, {opts}) *get_string_parser()*
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Gets a string parser
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Parameters: ~
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{str} The string to parse
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{lang} The language of this string
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{opts} Options to pass to the created language tree
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==============================================================================
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Lua module: vim.treesitter.language *treesitter-language*
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inspect_language({lang}) *inspect_language()*
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Inspects the provided language.
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Inspecting provides some useful informations on the language
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like node names, ...
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Parameters: ~
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{lang} The language.
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require_language({lang}, {path}, {silent}) *require_language()*
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Asserts that the provided language is installed, and
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optionally provide a path for the parser
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Parsers are searched in the `parser` runtime directory.
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Parameters: ~
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{lang} The language the parser should parse
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{path} Optional path the parser is located at
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{silent} Don't throw an error if language not found
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==============================================================================
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Lua module: vim.treesitter.query *treesitter-query*
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add_directive({name}, {handler}, {force}) *add_directive()*
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Adds a new directive to be used in queries
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Parameters: ~
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{name} the name of the directive, without leading #
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{handler} the handler function to be used signature will
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be (match, pattern, bufnr, predicate)
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add_predicate({name}, {handler}, {force}) *add_predicate()*
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Adds a new predicate to be used in queries
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Parameters: ~
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{name} the name of the predicate, without leading #
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{handler} the handler function to be used signature will
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be (match, pattern, bufnr, predicate)
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get_node_text({node}, {source}) *get_node_text()*
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Gets the text corresponding to a given node
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Parameters: ~
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{node} the node
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{bsource} The buffer or string from which the node is
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extracted
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get_query({lang}, {query_name}) *get_query()*
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Returns the runtime query {query_name} for {lang}.
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Parameters: ~
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{lang} The language to use for the query
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{query_name} The name of the query (i.e. "highlights")
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Return: ~
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The corresponding query, parsed.
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*get_query_files()*
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get_query_files({lang}, {query_name}, {is_included})
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Gets the list of files used to make up a query
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Parameters: ~
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{lang} The language
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{query_name} The name of the query to load
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{is_included} Internal parameter, most of the time left
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as `nil`
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list_predicates() *list_predicates()*
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TODO: Documentation
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parse_query({lang}, {query}) *parse_query()*
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Parse {query} as a string. (If the query is in a file, the
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caller should read the contents into a string before calling).
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Returns a `Query` (see |lua-treesitter-query|) object which
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can be used to search nodes in the syntax tree for the
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patterns defined in {query} using `iter_*` methods below.
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Exposes `info` and `captures` with additional information about the {query}.
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• `captures` contains the list of unique capture names defined
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in {query}. - `info.captures` also points to `captures` .
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• `info.patterns` contains information about predicates.
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Parameters: ~
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{lang} The language
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{query} A string containing the query (s-expr syntax)
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Return: ~
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The query
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*Query:iter_captures()*
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Query:iter_captures({self}, {node}, {source}, {start}, {stop})
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Iterate over all captures from all matches inside {node}
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{source} is needed if the query contains predicates, then the
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caller must ensure to use a freshly parsed tree consistent
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with the current text of the buffer (if relevent). {start_row}
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and {end_row} can be used to limit matches inside a row range
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(this is typically used with root node as the node, i e to get
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syntax highlight matches in the current viewport). When
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omitted the start and end row values are used from the given
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node.
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The iterator returns three values, a numeric id identifying
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the capture, the captured node, and metadata from any
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directives processing the match. The following example shows
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how to get captures by name:
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>
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for id, node, metadata in query:iter_captures(tree:root(), bufnr, first, last) do
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local name = query.captures[id] -- name of the capture in the query
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-- typically useful info about the node:
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local type = node:type() -- type of the captured node
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local row1, col1, row2, col2 = node:range() -- range of the capture
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... use the info here ...
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end
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<
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Parameters: ~
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{node} The node under which the search will occur
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{source} The source buffer or string to exctract text
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from
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{start} The starting line of the search
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{stop} The stopping line of the search (end-exclusive)
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{self}
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Return: ~
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The matching capture id
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The captured node
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*Query:iter_matches()*
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Query:iter_matches({self}, {node}, {source}, {start}, {stop})
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Iterates the matches of self on a given range.
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Iterate over all matches within a node. The arguments are the
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same as for |query:iter_captures()| but the iterated values
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are different: an (1-based) index of the pattern in the query,
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a table mapping capture indices to nodes, and metadata from
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any directives processing the match. If the query has more
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than one pattern the capture table might be sparse, and e.g.
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`pairs()` method should be used over `ipairs` . Here an
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example iterating over all captures in every match:
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>
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for pattern, match, metadata in cquery:iter_matches(tree:root(), bufnr, first, last) do
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for id, node in pairs(match) do
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local name = query.captures[id]
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-- `node` was captured by the `name` capture in the match
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local node_data = metadata[id] -- Node level metadata
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... use the info here ...
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end
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end
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<
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Parameters: ~
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{node} The node under which the search will occur
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{source} The source buffer or string to search
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{start} The starting line of the search
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{stop} The stopping line of the search (end-exclusive)
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{self}
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Return: ~
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The matching pattern id
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The matching match
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set_query({lang}, {query_name}, {text}) *set_query()*
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Sets the runtime query {query_name} for {lang}
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This allows users to override any runtime files and/or
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configuration set by plugins.
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Parameters: ~
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{lang} string: The language to use for the query
|
|
{query_name} string: The name of the query (i.e.
|
|
"highlights")
|
|
{text} string: The query text (unparsed).
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|
|
|
|
|
==============================================================================
|
|
Lua module: vim.treesitter.highlighter *treesitter-highlighter*
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|
|
|
new({tree}, {opts}) *highlighter.new()*
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|
Creates a new highlighter using
|
|
|
|
Parameters: ~
|
|
{tree} The language tree to use for highlighting
|
|
{opts} Table used to configure the highlighter
|
|
• queries: Table to overwrite queries used by the
|
|
highlighter
|
|
|
|
TSHighlighter:destroy({self}) *TSHighlighter:destroy()*
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|
Removes all internal references to the highlighter
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|
|
|
Parameters: ~
|
|
{self}
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|
|
TSHighlighter:get_query({self}, {lang}) *TSHighlighter:get_query()*
|
|
Gets the query used for
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|
|
|
Parameters: ~
|
|
{lang} A language used by the highlighter.
|
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{self}
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|
|
|
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==============================================================================
|
|
Lua module: vim.treesitter.languagetree *treesitter-languagetree*
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|
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LanguageTree:add_child({self}, {lang}) *LanguageTree:add_child()*
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|
Adds a child language to this tree.
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|
|
|
If the language already exists as a child, it will first be
|
|
removed.
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|
|
|
Parameters: ~
|
|
{lang} The language to add.
|
|
{self}
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|
|
|
LanguageTree:children({self}) *LanguageTree:children()*
|
|
Returns a map of language to child tree.
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|
|
|
Parameters: ~
|
|
{self}
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|
|
|
LanguageTree:contains({self}, {range}) *LanguageTree:contains()*
|
|
Determines wether This goes down the tree to recursively check childs.
|
|
|
|
Parameters: ~
|
|
{range} is contained in this language tree
|
|
|
|
Parameters: ~
|
|
{range} A range, that is a `{ start_line, start_col,
|
|
end_line, end_col }` table.
|
|
{self}
|
|
|
|
LanguageTree:destroy({self}) *LanguageTree:destroy()*
|
|
Destroys this language tree and all its children.
|
|
|
|
Any cleanup logic should be performed here. Note, this DOES
|
|
NOT remove this tree from a parent. `remove_child` must be called on the parent to remove it.
|
|
|
|
Parameters: ~
|
|
{self}
|
|
|
|
*LanguageTree:for_each_child()*
|
|
LanguageTree:for_each_child({self}, {fn}, {include_self})
|
|
Invokes the callback for each LanguageTree and it's children
|
|
recursively
|
|
|
|
Parameters: ~
|
|
{fn} The function to invoke. This is invoked
|
|
with arguments (tree: LanguageTree, lang:
|
|
string)
|
|
{include_self} Whether to include the invoking tree in
|
|
the results.
|
|
{self}
|
|
|
|
LanguageTree:for_each_tree({self}, {fn}) *LanguageTree:for_each_tree()*
|
|
Invokes the callback for each treesitter trees recursively.
|
|
|
|
Note, this includes the invoking language tree's trees as
|
|
well.
|
|
|
|
Parameters: ~
|
|
{fn} The callback to invoke. The callback is invoked
|
|
with arguments (tree: TSTree, languageTree:
|
|
LanguageTree)
|
|
{self}
|
|
|
|
LanguageTree:included_regions({self}) *LanguageTree:included_regions()*
|
|
Gets the set of included regions
|
|
|
|
Parameters: ~
|
|
{self}
|
|
|
|
LanguageTree:invalidate({self}, {reload}) *LanguageTree:invalidate()*
|
|
Invalidates this parser and all its children
|
|
|
|
Parameters: ~
|
|
{self}
|
|
|
|
LanguageTree:is_valid({self}) *LanguageTree:is_valid()*
|
|
Determines whether this tree is valid. If the tree is invalid, `parse()` must be called to get the an updated tree.
|
|
|
|
Parameters: ~
|
|
{self}
|
|
|
|
LanguageTree:lang({self}) *LanguageTree:lang()*
|
|
Gets the language of this tree node.
|
|
|
|
Parameters: ~
|
|
{self}
|
|
|
|
*LanguageTree:language_for_range()*
|
|
LanguageTree:language_for_range({self}, {range})
|
|
Gets the appropriate language that contains
|
|
|
|
Parameters: ~
|
|
{range} A text range, see |LanguageTree:contains|
|
|
{self}
|
|
|
|
LanguageTree:parse({self}) *LanguageTree:parse()*
|
|
Parses all defined regions using a treesitter parser for the
|
|
language this tree represents. This will run the injection
|
|
query for this language to determine if any child languages
|
|
should be created.
|
|
|
|
Parameters: ~
|
|
{self}
|
|
|
|
LanguageTree:register_cbs({self}, {cbs}) *LanguageTree:register_cbs()*
|
|
Registers callbacks for the parser
|
|
|
|
Parameters: ~
|
|
{cbs} An `nvim_buf_attach` -like table argument with the following keys : `on_bytes` : see `nvim_buf_attach` , but this will be called after the parsers callback. `on_changedtree` : a callback that will be called every time the
|
|
tree has syntactical changes. it will only be
|
|
passed one argument, that is a table of the ranges
|
|
(as node ranges) that changed. `on_child_added` : emitted when a child is added to the tree. `on_child_removed` : emitted when a child is removed from the tree.
|
|
{self}
|
|
|
|
LanguageTree:remove_child({self}, {lang}) *LanguageTree:remove_child()*
|
|
Removes a child language from this tree.
|
|
|
|
Parameters: ~
|
|
{lang} The language to remove.
|
|
{self}
|
|
|
|
*LanguageTree:set_included_regions()*
|
|
LanguageTree:set_included_regions({self}, {regions})
|
|
Sets the included regions that should be parsed by this
|
|
parser. A region is a set of nodes and/or ranges that will be
|
|
parsed in the same context.
|
|
|
|
For example, `{ { node1 }, { node2} }` is two separate
|
|
regions. This will be parsed by the parser in two different
|
|
contexts... thus resulting in two separate trees.
|
|
|
|
`{ { node1, node2 } }` is a single region consisting of two
|
|
nodes. This will be parsed by the parser in a single
|
|
context... thus resulting in a single tree.
|
|
|
|
This allows for embedded languages to be parsed together
|
|
across different nodes, which is useful for templating
|
|
languages like ERB and EJS.
|
|
|
|
Note, this call invalidates the tree and requires it to be
|
|
parsed again.
|
|
|
|
Parameters: ~
|
|
{regions} A list of regions this tree should manage and
|
|
parse.
|
|
{self}
|
|
|
|
LanguageTree:source({self}) *LanguageTree:source()*
|
|
Returns the source content of the language tree (bufnr or
|
|
string).
|
|
|
|
Parameters: ~
|
|
{self}
|
|
|
|
LanguageTree:trees({self}) *LanguageTree:trees()*
|
|
Returns all trees this language tree contains. Does not
|
|
include child languages.
|
|
|
|
Parameters: ~
|
|
{self}
|
|
|
|
new({source}, {lang}, {opts}) *languagetree.new()*
|
|
Represents a single treesitter parser for a language. The
|
|
language can contain child languages with in its range, hence
|
|
the tree.
|
|
|
|
Parameters: ~
|
|
{source} Can be a bufnr or a string of text to
|
|
parse
|
|
{lang} The language this tree represents
|
|
{opts} Options table
|
|
{opts.injections} A table of language to injection query
|
|
strings. This is useful for overriding
|
|
the built-in runtime file searching for
|
|
the injection language query per
|
|
language.
|
|
|
|
|
|
==============================================================================
|
|
Lua module: vim.treesitter.health *treesitter-health*
|
|
|
|
check_health() *check_health()*
|
|
TODO: Documentation
|
|
|
|
list_parsers() *list_parsers()*
|
|
Lists the parsers currently installed
|
|
|
|
Return: ~
|
|
A list of parsers
|
|
|
|
vim:tw=78:ts=8:ft=help:norl:
|