From d723e7fd61d48b037a2b8360162efa1cddad64d2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Justin M. Keyes" <justinkz@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2014 15:23:24 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 1/4] keep statusline within window width. @oni-link fix #858

PR #866
ref #858
---
 src/nvim/screen.c | 5 +++--
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/nvim/screen.c b/src/nvim/screen.c
index 54dcaff39e..67e00d6a27 100644
--- a/src/nvim/screen.c
+++ b/src/nvim/screen.c
@@ -5099,7 +5099,7 @@ win_redr_custom (
   curattr = attr;
   p = buf;
   for (n = 0; hltab[n].start != NULL; n++) {
-    len = (int)(hltab[n].start - p);
+    int len = (int)(hltab[n].start - p);
     screen_puts_len(p, len, row, col, curattr);
     col += vim_strnsize(p, len);
     p = hltab[n].start;
@@ -5113,7 +5113,8 @@ win_redr_custom (
     else
       curattr = highlight_user[hltab[n].userhl - 1];
   }
-  screen_puts(p, row, col, curattr);
+  // Make sure to use an empty string instead of p, if p is beyond buf + len.
+  screen_puts(p >= buf + len ? (char_u *)"" : p, row, col, curattr);
 
   if (wp == NULL) {
     /* Fill the TabPageIdxs[] array for clicking in the tab pagesline. */

From be3a4b6ca81c4e9dd3faa81dc01f53468ceed3ad Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Felipe Oliveira Carvalho <felipekde@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 9 Jun 2014 00:02:50 -0300
Subject: [PATCH 2/4] ga_growsize should be >= 1

I know it could be 0 sometimes. Running the tests with
`assert(gap->ga_growsize > 0)` in ga_grow() crashes nvim while running the
tests.

 - Add a setter for ga_growsize that checks whether the value passed is >=1 (log
	 in case it's not)
 - log when ga_grow() tries to use a ga_growsize that's not >=1
 - use GA_EMPTY_INIT_VALUE is many places
---
 src/nvim/ex_cmds2.c |  2 +-
 src/nvim/garray.c   | 34 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------
 src/nvim/garray.h   |  2 +-
 src/nvim/globals.h  |  2 +-
 src/nvim/hardcopy.c |  2 +-
 src/nvim/menu.c     |  2 +-
 src/nvim/message.c  |  4 ++--
 src/nvim/misc1.c    |  2 +-
 src/nvim/option.c   |  2 +-
 src/nvim/regexp.c   |  8 ++++----
 src/nvim/syntax.c   | 19 ++++++++++---------
 11 files changed, 51 insertions(+), 28 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/nvim/ex_cmds2.c b/src/nvim/ex_cmds2.c
index 93822ebcfe..af6227d965 100644
--- a/src/nvim/ex_cmds2.c
+++ b/src/nvim/ex_cmds2.c
@@ -2790,7 +2790,7 @@ char_u *getsourceline(int c, void *cookie, int indent)
         /* Adjust the growsize to the current length to speed up
          * concatenating many lines. */
         if (ga.ga_len > 400) {
-          ga.ga_growsize = (ga.ga_len > 8000) ? 8000 : ga.ga_len;
+          ga_set_growsize(&ga, (ga.ga_len > 8000) ? 8000 : ga.ga_len);
         }
         ga_concat(&ga, p + 1);
       }
diff --git a/src/nvim/garray.c b/src/nvim/garray.c
index ac5f9155b1..aaf1b3bd2b 100644
--- a/src/nvim/garray.c
+++ b/src/nvim/garray.c
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 
 #include "nvim/vim.h"
 #include "nvim/ascii.h"
+#include "nvim/log.h"
 #include "nvim/misc2.h"
 #include "nvim/memory.h"
 #include "nvim/path.h"
@@ -52,7 +53,21 @@ void ga_init(garray_T *gap, int itemsize, int growsize)
   gap->ga_maxlen = 0;
   gap->ga_len = 0;
   gap->ga_itemsize = itemsize;
-  gap->ga_growsize = growsize;
+  ga_set_growsize(gap, growsize);
+}
+
+/// A setter for the growsize that guarantees it will be at least 1.
+///
+/// @param gap
+/// @param growsize
+void ga_set_growsize(garray_T *gap, int growsize)
+{
+  if (growsize < 1) {
+    WLOG("trying to set an invalid ga_growsize: %d", growsize);
+    gap->ga_growsize = 1;
+  } else {
+    gap->ga_growsize = growsize;
+  }
 }
 
 /// Make room in growing array "gap" for at least "n" items.
@@ -66,17 +81,24 @@ void ga_grow(garray_T *gap, int n)
     return;
   }
 
-  // the garray grows by at least growsize (do we have a MIN macro somewhere?)
-  n = (n < gap->ga_growsize) ? gap->ga_growsize : n;
+  if (gap->ga_growsize < 1) {
+    WLOG("ga_growsize(%d) is less than 1", gap->ga_growsize);
+  }
 
-  size_t new_size = (size_t)(gap->ga_itemsize * (gap->ga_len + n));
+  // the garray grows by at least growsize
+  if (n < gap->ga_growsize) {
+    n = gap->ga_growsize;
+  }
+  int new_maxlen = gap->ga_len + n;
+
+  size_t new_size = (size_t)(gap->ga_itemsize * new_maxlen);
   size_t old_size = (size_t)(gap->ga_itemsize * gap->ga_maxlen);
 
   // reallocate and clear the new memory
-  char_u *pp = xrealloc(gap->ga_data, new_size);
+  char *pp = xrealloc(gap->ga_data, new_size);
   memset(pp + old_size, 0, new_size - old_size);
 
-  gap->ga_maxlen = gap->ga_len + n;
+  gap->ga_maxlen = new_maxlen;
   gap->ga_data = pp;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/nvim/garray.h b/src/nvim/garray.h
index 6e440039dd..df5740c553 100644
--- a/src/nvim/garray.h
+++ b/src/nvim/garray.h
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ typedef struct growarray {
   void *ga_data;                    // pointer to the first item
 } garray_T;
 
-#define GA_EMPTY_INIT_VALUE { 0, 0, 0, 0, NULL }
+#define GA_EMPTY_INIT_VALUE { 0, 0, 0, 1, NULL }
 
 #define GA_EMPTY(ga_ptr) ((ga_ptr)->ga_len <= 0)
 
diff --git a/src/nvim/globals.h b/src/nvim/globals.h
index 8394f57f51..1035788d03 100644
--- a/src/nvim/globals.h
+++ b/src/nvim/globals.h
@@ -969,7 +969,7 @@ EXTERN int need_cursor_line_redraw INIT(= FALSE);
 /* Grow array to collect error messages in until they can be displayed. */
 EXTERN garray_T error_ga
 # ifdef DO_INIT
-  = {0, 0, 0, 0, NULL}
+  = GA_EMPTY_INIT_VALUE
 # endif
 ;
 #endif
diff --git a/src/nvim/hardcopy.c b/src/nvim/hardcopy.c
index be6d8ee0ee..8db4c264b2 100644
--- a/src/nvim/hardcopy.c
+++ b/src/nvim/hardcopy.c
@@ -1285,7 +1285,7 @@ static int prt_collate;
  * Buffers used when generating PostScript output
  */
 static char_u prt_line_buffer[257];
-static garray_T prt_ps_buffer;
+static garray_T prt_ps_buffer = GA_EMPTY_INIT_VALUE;
 
 static int prt_do_conv;
 static vimconv_T prt_conv;
diff --git a/src/nvim/menu.c b/src/nvim/menu.c
index 4d75bc1475..ad6bcc82da 100644
--- a/src/nvim/menu.c
+++ b/src/nvim/menu.c
@@ -1434,7 +1434,7 @@ typedef struct {
   char_u      *to;              /* translated name */
 } menutrans_T;
 
-static garray_T menutrans_ga = {0, 0, 0, 0, NULL};
+static garray_T menutrans_ga = GA_EMPTY_INIT_VALUE;
 
 /*
  * ":menutrans".
diff --git a/src/nvim/message.c b/src/nvim/message.c
index 1571e8678f..1a42fba4a4 100644
--- a/src/nvim/message.c
+++ b/src/nvim/message.c
@@ -2257,8 +2257,8 @@ void mch_errmsg(char *str)
   emsg_on_display = FALSE;
 
   len = (int)STRLEN(str) + 1;
-  if (error_ga.ga_growsize == 0) {
-    error_ga.ga_growsize = 80;
+  if (error_ga.ga_data == NULL) {
+    ga_set_growsize(&error_ga, 80);
     error_ga.ga_itemsize = 1;
   }
   ga_grow(&error_ga, len);
diff --git a/src/nvim/misc1.c b/src/nvim/misc1.c
index f025ff7f65..c4b2977435 100644
--- a/src/nvim/misc1.c
+++ b/src/nvim/misc1.c
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@
 # include "misc1.c.generated.h"
 #endif
 /* All user names (for ~user completion as done by shell). */
-static garray_T ga_users;
+static garray_T ga_users = GA_EMPTY_INIT_VALUE;
 
 /*
  * open_line: Add a new line below or above the current line.
diff --git a/src/nvim/option.c b/src/nvim/option.c
index 8390efe979..9f9c9c279c 100644
--- a/src/nvim/option.c
+++ b/src/nvim/option.c
@@ -7499,7 +7499,7 @@ typedef struct {
   int to;
 } langmap_entry_T;
 
-static garray_T langmap_mapga;
+static garray_T langmap_mapga = GA_EMPTY_INIT_VALUE;
 
 /*
  * Search for an entry in "langmap_mapga" for "from".  If found set the "to"
diff --git a/src/nvim/regexp.c b/src/nvim/regexp.c
index ea61436e05..29f090c6b7 100644
--- a/src/nvim/regexp.c
+++ b/src/nvim/regexp.c
@@ -3180,8 +3180,8 @@ static int reg_line_lbr;                    /* "\n" in string is line break */
  * or regbehind_T.
  * "backpos_T" is a table with backpos_T for BACK
  */
-static garray_T regstack = {0, 0, 0, 0, NULL};
-static garray_T backpos = {0, 0, 0, 0, NULL};
+static garray_T regstack = GA_EMPTY_INIT_VALUE;
+static garray_T backpos = GA_EMPTY_INIT_VALUE;
 
 /*
  * Both for regstack and backpos tables we use the following strategy of
@@ -3319,13 +3319,13 @@ static long bt_regexec_both(char_u *line,
      * onto the regstack. */
     ga_init(&regstack, 1, REGSTACK_INITIAL);
     ga_grow(&regstack, REGSTACK_INITIAL);
-    regstack.ga_growsize = REGSTACK_INITIAL * 8;
+    ga_set_growsize(&regstack, REGSTACK_INITIAL * 8);
   }
 
   if (backpos.ga_data == NULL) {
     ga_init(&backpos, sizeof(backpos_T), BACKPOS_INITIAL);
     ga_grow(&backpos, BACKPOS_INITIAL);
-    backpos.ga_growsize = BACKPOS_INITIAL * 8;
+    ga_set_growsize(&backpos, BACKPOS_INITIAL * 8);
   }
 
   if (REG_MULTI) {
diff --git a/src/nvim/syntax.c b/src/nvim/syntax.c
index 621c6f0d55..cb83bf650c 100644
--- a/src/nvim/syntax.c
+++ b/src/nvim/syntax.c
@@ -75,7 +75,8 @@ struct hl_group {
 #define SG_GUI          4       /* gui has been set */
 #define SG_LINK         8       /* link has been set */
 
-static garray_T highlight_ga;   /* highlight groups for 'highlight' option */
+// highlight groups for 'highlight' option
+static garray_T highlight_ga = GA_EMPTY_INIT_VALUE;
 
 #define HL_TABLE() ((struct hl_group *)((highlight_ga.ga_data)))
 
@@ -360,7 +361,7 @@ static int current_state_stored = 0;      /* TRUE if stored current state
                                            * after setting current_finished */
 static int current_finished = 0;        /* current line has been finished */
 static garray_T current_state           /* current stack of state_items */
-  = {0, 0, 0, 0, NULL};
+  = GA_EMPTY_INIT_VALUE;
 static short    *current_next_list = NULL; /* when non-zero, nextgroup list */
 static int current_next_flags = 0;      /* flags for current_next_list */
 static int current_line_id = 0;         /* unique number for current line */
@@ -1452,7 +1453,7 @@ static void invalidate_current_state(void)
 static void validate_current_state(void)
 {
   current_state.ga_itemsize = sizeof(stateitem_T);
-  current_state.ga_growsize = 3;
+  ga_set_growsize(&current_state, 3);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -4746,7 +4747,7 @@ static int syn_add_cluster(char_u *name)
    */
   if (curwin->w_s->b_syn_clusters.ga_data == NULL) {
     curwin->w_s->b_syn_clusters.ga_itemsize = sizeof(syn_cluster_T);
-    curwin->w_s->b_syn_clusters.ga_growsize = 10;
+    ga_set_growsize(&curwin->w_s->b_syn_clusters, 10);
   }
 
   int len = curwin->w_s->b_syn_clusters.ga_len;
@@ -4846,7 +4847,7 @@ static void syn_cmd_cluster(exarg_T *eap, int syncing)
 static void init_syn_patterns(void)
 {
   curwin->w_s->b_syn_patterns.ga_itemsize = sizeof(synpat_T);
-  curwin->w_s->b_syn_patterns.ga_growsize = 10;
+  ga_set_growsize(&curwin->w_s->b_syn_patterns, 10);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -6731,11 +6732,11 @@ static void highlight_clear(int idx)
  * Note that this table is used by ALL buffers.  This is required because the
  * GUI can redraw at any time for any buffer.
  */
-static garray_T term_attr_table = {0, 0, 0, 0, NULL};
+static garray_T term_attr_table = GA_EMPTY_INIT_VALUE;
 
 #define TERM_ATTR_ENTRY(idx) ((attrentry_T *)term_attr_table.ga_data)[idx]
 
-static garray_T cterm_attr_table = {0, 0, 0, 0, NULL};
+static garray_T cterm_attr_table = GA_EMPTY_INIT_VALUE;
 
 #define CTERM_ATTR_ENTRY(idx) ((attrentry_T *)cterm_attr_table.ga_data)[idx]
 
@@ -6755,7 +6756,7 @@ static int get_attr_entry(garray_T *table, attrentry_T *aep)
    * Init the table, in case it wasn't done yet.
    */
   table->ga_itemsize = sizeof(attrentry_T);
-  table->ga_growsize = 7;
+  ga_set_growsize(table, 7);
 
   /*
    * Try to find an entry with the same specifications.
@@ -7311,7 +7312,7 @@ static int syn_add_group(char_u *name)
    */
   if (highlight_ga.ga_data == NULL) {
     highlight_ga.ga_itemsize = sizeof(struct hl_group);
-    highlight_ga.ga_growsize = 10;
+    ga_set_growsize(&highlight_ga, 10);
   }
 
   if (highlight_ga.ga_len >= MAX_HL_ID) {

From 45e7814e6aa8aacd8772056863d13770d4e30b48 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Felipe Oliveira Carvalho <felipekde@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 25 Jun 2014 22:03:58 -0300
Subject: [PATCH 3/4] Introduce GA_APPEND()

This macro is used to append an element to a growable array. It replaces this
common idiom:

   ga_grow(&ga, 1);
   ((item_type *)ga.ga_data)[ga.ga_len] = item;
   ++ga.ga_len;
---
 src/nvim/eval.c     |  6 ++----
 src/nvim/ex_cmds.c  |  8 ++------
 src/nvim/ex_cmds2.c |  8 +++-----
 src/nvim/ex_getln.c | 11 ++---------
 src/nvim/garray.c   |  5 +----
 src/nvim/garray.h   |  6 ++++++
 src/nvim/os/users.c |  5 +----
 src/nvim/path.c     | 16 ++++------------
 src/nvim/spell.c    |  3 +--
 src/nvim/syntax.c   |  4 +---
 src/nvim/tag.c      |  3 +--
 src/nvim/undo.c     |  3 +--
 12 files changed, 25 insertions(+), 53 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/nvim/eval.c b/src/nvim/eval.c
index 3abc148e8f..4e0f5c9137 100644
--- a/src/nvim/eval.c
+++ b/src/nvim/eval.c
@@ -14420,8 +14420,7 @@ error:
     }
   }
 
-  /* add a terminating NUL */
-  ga_grow(&ga, 1);
+  // add a terminating NUL
   ga_append(&ga, NUL);
 
   rettv->vval.v_string = ga.ga_data;
@@ -17640,8 +17639,7 @@ script_autoload (
   else {
     /* Remember the name if it wasn't loaded already. */
     if (i == ga_loaded.ga_len) {
-      ga_grow(&ga_loaded, 1);
-      ((char_u **)ga_loaded.ga_data)[ga_loaded.ga_len++] = scriptname;
+      GA_APPEND(char_u *, &ga_loaded, scriptname);
       tofree = NULL;
     }
 
diff --git a/src/nvim/ex_cmds.c b/src/nvim/ex_cmds.c
index fb6ec70f57..a04f93a851 100644
--- a/src/nvim/ex_cmds.c
+++ b/src/nvim/ex_cmds.c
@@ -5446,11 +5446,9 @@ helptags_one (
   ga_init(&ga, (int)sizeof(char_u *), 100);
   if (add_help_tags || path_full_compare((char_u *)"$VIMRUNTIME/doc",
           dir, FALSE) == kEqualFiles) {
-    ga_grow(&ga, 1);
     s = xmalloc(18 + STRLEN(tagfname));
     sprintf((char *)s, "help-tags\t%s\t1\n", tagfname);
-    ((char_u **)ga.ga_data)[ga.ga_len] = s;
-    ++ga.ga_len;
+    GA_APPEND(char_u *, &ga, s);
   }
 
   /*
@@ -5517,10 +5515,8 @@ helptags_one (
                   || s[1] == '\0')) {
             *p2 = '\0';
             ++p1;
-            ga_grow(&ga, 1);
             s = xmalloc((p2 - p1) + STRLEN(fname) + 2);
-            ((char_u **)ga.ga_data)[ga.ga_len] = s;
-            ++ga.ga_len;
+            GA_APPEND(char_u *, &ga, s);
             sprintf((char *)s, "%s\t%s", p1, fname);
 
             /* find next '*' */
diff --git a/src/nvim/ex_cmds2.c b/src/nvim/ex_cmds2.c
index af6227d965..0b0026829f 100644
--- a/src/nvim/ex_cmds2.c
+++ b/src/nvim/ex_cmds2.c
@@ -1525,8 +1525,7 @@ void get_arglist(garray_T *gap, char_u *str)
 {
   ga_init(gap, (int)sizeof(char_u *), 20);
   while (*str != NUL) {
-    ga_grow(gap, 1);
-    ((char_u **)gap->ga_data)[gap->ga_len++] = str;
+    GA_APPEND(char_u *, gap, str);
 
     /* Isolate one argument, change it in-place, put a NUL after it. */
     str = do_one_arg(str);
@@ -3332,13 +3331,12 @@ static char_u **find_locales(void)
   loc = (char_u *)strtok((char *)locale_a, "\n");
 
   while (loc != NULL) {
-    ga_grow(&locales_ga, 1);
     loc = vim_strsave(loc);
-
-    ((char_u **)locales_ga.ga_data)[locales_ga.ga_len++] = loc;
+    GA_APPEND(char_u *, &locales_ga, loc);
     loc = (char_u *)strtok(NULL, "\n");
   }
   free(locale_a);
+  // Guarantee that .ga_data is NULL terminated
   ga_grow(&locales_ga, 1);
   ((char_u **)locales_ga.ga_data)[locales_ga.ga_len] = NULL;
   return (char_u **)locales_ga.ga_data;
diff --git a/src/nvim/ex_getln.c b/src/nvim/ex_getln.c
index 9b09abb1b7..90430b3f6b 100644
--- a/src/nvim/ex_getln.c
+++ b/src/nvim/ex_getln.c
@@ -4000,10 +4000,7 @@ static int ExpandUserDefined(expand_T *xp, regmatch_T *regmatch, int *num_file,
       continue;
     }
 
-    ga_grow(&ga, 1);
-
-    ((char_u **)ga.ga_data)[ga.ga_len] = vim_strnsave(s, (int)(e - s));
-    ++ga.ga_len;
+    GA_APPEND(char_u *, &ga, vim_strnsave(s, (int)(e - s)));
 
     *e = keep;
     if (*e != NUL)
@@ -4034,11 +4031,7 @@ static int ExpandUserList(expand_T *xp, int *num_file, char_u ***file)
     if (li->li_tv.v_type != VAR_STRING || li->li_tv.vval.v_string == NULL)
       continue;        /* Skip non-string items and empty strings */
 
-    ga_grow(&ga, 1);
-
-    ((char_u **)ga.ga_data)[ga.ga_len] =
-      vim_strsave(li->li_tv.vval.v_string);
-    ++ga.ga_len;
+    GA_APPEND(char_u *, &ga, vim_strsave(li->li_tv.vval.v_string));
   }
   list_unref(retlist);
 
diff --git a/src/nvim/garray.c b/src/nvim/garray.c
index aaf1b3bd2b..2cef08ef5f 100644
--- a/src/nvim/garray.c
+++ b/src/nvim/garray.c
@@ -197,10 +197,7 @@ void ga_concat(garray_T *gap, const char_u *restrict s)
 /// @param c
 void ga_append(garray_T *gap, char c)
 {
-  ga_grow(gap, 1);
-  char *str = gap->ga_data;
-  str[gap->ga_len] = c;
-  gap->ga_len++;
+  GA_APPEND(char, gap, c);
 }
 
 #if defined(UNIX) || defined(WIN3264) || defined(PROTO)
diff --git a/src/nvim/garray.h b/src/nvim/garray.h
index df5740c553..ed5e2dbada 100644
--- a/src/nvim/garray.h
+++ b/src/nvim/garray.h
@@ -16,6 +16,12 @@ typedef struct growarray {
 
 #define GA_EMPTY(ga_ptr) ((ga_ptr)->ga_len <= 0)
 
+#define GA_APPEND(item_type, gap, item)                                    \
+  do {                                                                     \
+    ga_grow(gap, 1);                                                       \
+    ((item_type *)(gap)->ga_data)[(gap)->ga_len++] = (item);               \
+  } while (0)
+
 #ifdef INCLUDE_GENERATED_DECLARATIONS
 # include "garray.h.generated.h"
 #endif
diff --git a/src/nvim/os/users.c b/src/nvim/os/users.c
index e687ff3546..b6c013fa59 100644
--- a/src/nvim/os/users.c
+++ b/src/nvim/os/users.c
@@ -21,16 +21,13 @@ int os_get_usernames(garray_T *users)
   ga_init(users, sizeof(char *), 20);
 
 # if defined(HAVE_GETPWENT) && defined(HAVE_PWD_H)
-  char *user;
   struct passwd *pw;
 
   setpwent();
   while ((pw = getpwent()) != NULL) {
     // pw->pw_name shouldn't be NULL but just in case...
     if (pw->pw_name != NULL) {
-      ga_grow(users, 1);
-      user = xstrdup(pw->pw_name);
-      ((char **)(users->ga_data))[users->ga_len++] = user;
+      GA_APPEND(char *, users, xstrdup(pw->pw_name));
     }
   }
   endpwent();
diff --git a/src/nvim/path.c b/src/nvim/path.c
index 093a13db7b..1231d16ed8 100644
--- a/src/nvim/path.c
+++ b/src/nvim/path.c
@@ -625,7 +625,6 @@ static void expand_path_option(char_u *curdir, garray_T *gap)
   char_u      *path_option = *curbuf->b_p_path == NUL
                              ? p_path : curbuf->b_p_path;
   char_u      *buf;
-  char_u      *p;
   int len;
 
   buf = xmalloc(MAXPATHL);
@@ -639,7 +638,7 @@ static void expand_path_option(char_u *curdir, garray_T *gap)
        * "/path/file"  + "./subdir" -> "/path/subdir" */
       if (curbuf->b_ffname == NULL)
         continue;
-      p = path_tail(curbuf->b_ffname);
+      char_u *p = path_tail(curbuf->b_ffname);
       len = (int)(p - curbuf->b_ffname);
       if (len + (int)STRLEN(buf) >= MAXPATHL)
         continue;
@@ -666,10 +665,7 @@ static void expand_path_option(char_u *curdir, garray_T *gap)
       simplify_filename(buf);
     }
 
-    ga_grow(gap, 1);
-
-    p = vim_strsave(buf);
-    ((char_u **)gap->ga_data)[gap->ga_len++] = p;
+    GA_APPEND(char_u *, gap, vim_strsave(buf));
   }
 
   free(buf);
@@ -1194,7 +1190,6 @@ addfile (
     int flags
 )
 {
-  char_u      *p;
   bool isdir;
 
   /* if the file/dir doesn't exist, may not add it */
@@ -1215,10 +1210,7 @@ addfile (
   if (!isdir && (flags & EW_EXEC) && !os_can_exe(f))
     return;
 
-  /* Make room for another item in the file list. */
-  ga_grow(gap, 1);
-
-  p = xmalloc(STRLEN(f) + 1 + isdir);
+  char_u *p = xmalloc(STRLEN(f) + 1 + isdir);
 
   STRCPY(p, f);
 #ifdef BACKSLASH_IN_FILENAME
@@ -1231,7 +1223,7 @@ addfile (
   if (isdir && (flags & EW_ADDSLASH))
     add_pathsep(p);
 #endif
-  ((char_u **)gap->ga_data)[gap->ga_len++] = p;
+  GA_APPEND(char_u *, gap, p);
 }
 #endif /* !NO_EXPANDPATH */
 
diff --git a/src/nvim/spell.c b/src/nvim/spell.c
index ca522191b9..711f892d16 100644
--- a/src/nvim/spell.c
+++ b/src/nvim/spell.c
@@ -9138,8 +9138,7 @@ someerror:
           if (c < 0) {
             goto someerror;
           }
-          ga_grow(&ga, 1);
-          ((char_u *)ga.ga_data)[ga.ga_len++] = c;
+          GA_APPEND(char_u, &ga, c);
           if (c == NUL)
             break;
         }
diff --git a/src/nvim/syntax.c b/src/nvim/syntax.c
index cb83bf650c..945172564b 100644
--- a/src/nvim/syntax.c
+++ b/src/nvim/syntax.c
@@ -1963,9 +1963,7 @@ syn_current_attr (
             /* Add the index to a list, so that we can check
              * later that we don't match it again (and cause an
              * endless loop). */
-            ga_grow(&zero_width_next_ga, 1);
-            ((int *)(zero_width_next_ga.ga_data))
-            [zero_width_next_ga.ga_len++] = next_match_idx;
+            GA_APPEND(int, &zero_width_next_ga, next_match_idx);
             next_match_idx = -1;
           } else
             cur_si = push_next_match(cur_si);
diff --git a/src/nvim/tag.c b/src/nvim/tag.c
index c9a065391b..8c873283f0 100644
--- a/src/nvim/tag.c
+++ b/src/nvim/tag.c
@@ -1995,8 +1995,7 @@ static garray_T tag_fnames = GA_EMPTY_INIT_VALUE;
  */
 static void found_tagfile_cb(char_u *fname, void *cookie)
 {
-  ga_grow(&tag_fnames, 1);
-  ((char_u **)(tag_fnames.ga_data))[tag_fnames.ga_len++] = vim_strsave(fname);
+  GA_APPEND(char_u *, &tag_fnames, vim_strsave(fname));
 }
 
 #if defined(EXITFREE) || defined(PROTO)
diff --git a/src/nvim/undo.c b/src/nvim/undo.c
index 37fa150aee..8fe05290c2 100644
--- a/src/nvim/undo.c
+++ b/src/nvim/undo.c
@@ -2249,7 +2249,6 @@ void ex_undolist(exarg_T *eap)
   while (uhp != NULL) {
     if (uhp->uh_prev.ptr == NULL && uhp->uh_walk != nomark
         && uhp->uh_walk != mark) {
-      ga_grow(&ga, 1);
       vim_snprintf((char *)IObuff, IOSIZE, "%6ld %7ld  ",
           uhp->uh_seq, changes);
       u_add_time(IObuff + STRLEN(IObuff), IOSIZE - STRLEN(IObuff),
@@ -2260,7 +2259,7 @@ void ex_undolist(exarg_T *eap)
         vim_snprintf_add((char *)IObuff, IOSIZE,
             "  %3ld", uhp->uh_save_nr);
       }
-      ((char_u **)(ga.ga_data))[ga.ga_len++] = vim_strsave(IObuff);
+      GA_APPEND(char_u *, &ga, vim_strsave(IObuff));
     }
 
     uhp->uh_walk = mark;

From 5ed74cfb7c67f79441343ec90548f333dad1729b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Felipe Oliveira Carvalho <felipekde@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 11 Jun 2014 03:01:46 -0300
Subject: [PATCH 4/4] Introduce ga_append_via_ptr() and GA_APPEND_VIA_PTR()

Similar to GA_APPEND(). Replaces this pattern:

    ga_grow(&ga, 1);
    item_type *p = ((item_type *)ga.ga_data) + ga.ga_len;
    p->field1 = v1;
    p->field2 = v2;
    ga.ga_len++;
---
 src/nvim/digraph.c  | 11 ++-----
 src/nvim/eval.c     | 11 +++----
 src/nvim/ex_docmd.c |  7 ++---
 src/nvim/garray.h   | 15 +++++++++
 src/nvim/menu.c     | 13 +++-----
 src/nvim/regexp.c   | 11 ++-----
 src/nvim/spell.c    | 48 +++++++++++-----------------
 src/nvim/syntax.c   | 77 ++++++++++++++++++---------------------------
 8 files changed, 82 insertions(+), 111 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/nvim/digraph.c b/src/nvim/digraph.c
index a0834e9da9..396aac3ba9 100644
--- a/src/nvim/digraph.c
+++ b/src/nvim/digraph.c
@@ -1619,12 +1619,10 @@ void putdigraph(char_u *str)
 
     // Add a new digraph to the table.
     if (i == user_digraphs.ga_len) {
-      ga_grow(&user_digraphs, 1);
-      dp = (digr_T *)user_digraphs.ga_data + user_digraphs.ga_len;
+      dp = GA_APPEND_VIA_PTR(digr_T, &user_digraphs);
       dp->char1 = char1;
       dp->char2 = char2;
       dp->result = n;
-      ++user_digraphs.ga_len;
     }
   }
 }
@@ -1772,7 +1770,6 @@ void ex_loadkeymap(exarg_T *eap)
   char_u *line;
   char_u *p;
   char_u *s;
-  kmap_T *kp;
 
 #define KMAP_LLEN 200  // max length of "to" and "from" together
   char_u buf[KMAP_LLEN + 11];
@@ -1803,8 +1800,7 @@ void ex_loadkeymap(exarg_T *eap)
     p = skipwhite(line);
 
     if ((*p != '"') && (*p != NUL)) {
-      ga_grow(&curbuf->b_kmap_ga, 1);
-      kp = (kmap_T *)curbuf->b_kmap_ga.ga_data + curbuf->b_kmap_ga.ga_len;
+      kmap_T *kp = GA_APPEND_VIA_PTR(kmap_T, &curbuf->b_kmap_ga);
       s = skiptowhite(p);
       kp->from = vim_strnsave(p, (int)(s - p));
       p = skipwhite(s);
@@ -1819,8 +1815,7 @@ void ex_loadkeymap(exarg_T *eap)
         }
         free(kp->from);
         free(kp->to);
-      } else {
-        ++curbuf->b_kmap_ga.ga_len;
+        --curbuf->b_kmap_ga.ga_len;
       }
     }
     free(line);
diff --git a/src/nvim/eval.c b/src/nvim/eval.c
index 4e0f5c9137..15967f484b 100644
--- a/src/nvim/eval.c
+++ b/src/nvim/eval.c
@@ -5290,8 +5290,7 @@ list_join_inner (
     len = (int)STRLEN(s);
     sumlen += len;
 
-    ga_grow(join_gap, 1);
-    p = ((join_T *)join_gap->ga_data) + (join_gap->ga_len++);
+    p = GA_APPEND_VIA_PTR(join_T, join_gap);
     if (tofree != NULL || s != numbuf) {
       p->s = s;
       p->tofree = tofree;
@@ -10218,11 +10217,9 @@ static void f_inputrestore(typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv)
  */
 static void f_inputsave(typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv)
 {
-  /* Add an entry to the stack of typeahead storage. */
-  ga_grow(&ga_userinput, 1);
-  save_typeahead((tasave_T *)(ga_userinput.ga_data)
-          + ga_userinput.ga_len);
-  ++ga_userinput.ga_len;
+  // Add an entry to the stack of typeahead storage.
+  tasave_T *p = GA_APPEND_VIA_PTR(tasave_T, &ga_userinput);
+  save_typeahead(p);
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/src/nvim/ex_docmd.c b/src/nvim/ex_docmd.c
index 701a51799f..963fd33371 100644
--- a/src/nvim/ex_docmd.c
+++ b/src/nvim/ex_docmd.c
@@ -1037,10 +1037,9 @@ static char_u *get_loop_line(int c, void *cookie, int indent)
  */
 static void store_loop_line(garray_T *gap, char_u *line)
 {
-  ga_grow(gap, 1);
-  ((wcmd_T *)(gap->ga_data))[gap->ga_len].line = vim_strsave(line);
-  ((wcmd_T *)(gap->ga_data))[gap->ga_len].lnum = sourcing_lnum;
-  ++gap->ga_len;
+  wcmd_T *p = GA_APPEND_VIA_PTR(wcmd_T, gap);
+  p->line = vim_strsave(line);
+  p->lnum = sourcing_lnum;
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/src/nvim/garray.h b/src/nvim/garray.h
index ed5e2dbada..5a90da21c2 100644
--- a/src/nvim/garray.h
+++ b/src/nvim/garray.h
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 #ifndef NVIM_GARRAY_H
 #define NVIM_GARRAY_H
 
+#include "nvim/log.h"
+
 /// Structure used for growing arrays.
 /// This is used to store information that only grows, is deleted all at
 /// once, and needs to be accessed by index.  See ga_clear() and ga_grow().
@@ -22,7 +24,20 @@ typedef struct growarray {
     ((item_type *)(gap)->ga_data)[(gap)->ga_len++] = (item);               \
   } while (0)
 
+#define GA_APPEND_VIA_PTR(item_type, gap) \
+  ga_append_via_ptr(gap, sizeof(item_type))
+
 #ifdef INCLUDE_GENERATED_DECLARATIONS
 # include "garray.h.generated.h"
 #endif
+
+static inline void *ga_append_via_ptr(garray_T *gap, size_t item_size)
+{
+  if ((int)item_size != gap->ga_itemsize) {
+    ELOG("wrong item size in garray(%d), should be %d", item_size);
+  }
+  ga_grow(gap, 1);
+  return ((char *)gap->ga_data) + (item_size * (size_t)gap->ga_len++);
+}
+
 #endif  // NVIM_GARRAY_H
diff --git a/src/nvim/menu.c b/src/nvim/menu.c
index ad6bcc82da..ab5c1569dc 100644
--- a/src/nvim/menu.c
+++ b/src/nvim/menu.c
@@ -1444,7 +1444,6 @@ static garray_T menutrans_ga = GA_EMPTY_INIT_VALUE;
 void ex_menutranslate(exarg_T *eap)
 {
   char_u              *arg = eap->arg;
-  menutrans_T         *tp;
   char_u              *from, *from_noamp, *to;
 
   if (menutrans_ga.ga_itemsize == 0)
@@ -1454,7 +1453,7 @@ void ex_menutranslate(exarg_T *eap)
    * ":menutrans clear": clear all translations.
    */
   if (STRNCMP(arg, "clear", 5) == 0 && ends_excmd(*skipwhite(arg + 5))) {
-    tp = (menutrans_T *)menutrans_ga.ga_data;
+    menutrans_T *tp = (menutrans_T *)menutrans_ga.ga_data;
     for (int i = 0; i < menutrans_ga.ga_len; ++i) {
       free(tp[i].from);
       free(tp[i].from_noamp);
@@ -1473,8 +1472,6 @@ void ex_menutranslate(exarg_T *eap)
     if (arg == to)
       EMSG(_(e_invarg));
     else {
-      ga_grow(&menutrans_ga, 1);
-      tp = (menutrans_T *)menutrans_ga.ga_data;
       from = vim_strsave(from);
       from_noamp = menu_text(from, NULL, NULL);
       to = vim_strnsave(to, (int)(arg - to));
@@ -1483,10 +1480,10 @@ void ex_menutranslate(exarg_T *eap)
         menu_translate_tab_and_shift(to);
         menu_unescape_name(from);
         menu_unescape_name(to);
-        tp[menutrans_ga.ga_len].from = from;
-        tp[menutrans_ga.ga_len].from_noamp = from_noamp;
-        tp[menutrans_ga.ga_len].to = to;
-        ++menutrans_ga.ga_len;
+        menutrans_T* tp = GA_APPEND_VIA_PTR(menutrans_T, &menutrans_ga);
+        tp->from = from;
+        tp->from_noamp = from_noamp;
+        tp->to = to;
       } else {
         free(from);
         free(from_noamp);
diff --git a/src/nvim/regexp.c b/src/nvim/regexp.c
index 29f090c6b7..0ead83e0d4 100644
--- a/src/nvim/regexp.c
+++ b/src/nvim/regexp.c
@@ -4177,7 +4177,6 @@ regmatch (
         case BACK:
         {
           int i;
-          backpos_T       *bp;
 
           /*
            * When we run into BACK we need to check if we don't keep
@@ -4187,17 +4186,13 @@ regmatch (
            * The positions are stored in "backpos" and found by the
            * current value of "scan", the position in the RE program.
            */
-          bp = (backpos_T *)backpos.ga_data;
+          backpos_T *bp = (backpos_T *)backpos.ga_data;
           for (i = 0; i < backpos.ga_len; ++i)
             if (bp[i].bp_scan == scan)
               break;
           if (i == backpos.ga_len) {
-            /* First time at this BACK, make room to store the pos. */
-            ga_grow(&backpos, 1);
-            /* get "ga_data" again, it may have changed */
-            bp = (backpos_T *)backpos.ga_data;
-            bp[i].bp_scan = scan;
-            ++backpos.ga_len;
+            backpos_T *p = GA_APPEND_VIA_PTR(backpos_T, &backpos);
+            p->bp_scan = scan;
           } else if (reg_save_equal(&bp[i].bp_pos))
             /* Still at same position as last time, fail. */
             status = RA_NOMATCH;
diff --git a/src/nvim/spell.c b/src/nvim/spell.c
index 711f892d16..2f88c2d523 100644
--- a/src/nvim/spell.c
+++ b/src/nvim/spell.c
@@ -3335,7 +3335,6 @@ static int init_syl_tab(slang_T *slang)
   char_u      *p;
   char_u      *s;
   int l;
-  syl_item_T  *syl;
 
   ga_init(&slang->sl_syl_items, sizeof(syl_item_T), 4);
   p = vim_strchr(slang->sl_syllable, '/');
@@ -3351,9 +3350,8 @@ static int init_syl_tab(slang_T *slang)
       l = (int)(p - s);
     if (l >= SY_MAXLEN)
       return SP_FORMERROR;
-    ga_grow(&slang->sl_syl_items, 1);
-    syl = ((syl_item_T *)slang->sl_syl_items.ga_data)
-          + slang->sl_syl_items.ga_len++;
+
+    syl_item_T *syl = GA_APPEND_VIA_PTR(syl_item_T, &slang->sl_syl_items);
     STRLCPY(syl->sy_chars, s, l + 1);
     syl->sy_len = l;
   }
@@ -3835,10 +3833,10 @@ char_u *did_set_spelllang(win_T *wp)
         }
 
         if (region_mask != 0) {
-          ga_grow(&ga, 1);
-          LANGP_ENTRY(ga, ga.ga_len)->lp_slang = slang;
-          LANGP_ENTRY(ga, ga.ga_len)->lp_region = region_mask;
-          ++ga.ga_len;
+          langp_T *p = GA_APPEND_VIA_PTR(langp_T, &ga);
+          p->lp_slang = slang;
+          p->lp_region = region_mask;
+
           use_midword(slang, wp);
           if (slang->sl_nobreak)
             nobreak = TRUE;
@@ -3896,7 +3894,6 @@ char_u *did_set_spelllang(win_T *wp)
         slang->sl_nobreak = TRUE;
     }
     if (slang != NULL) {
-      ga_grow(&ga, 1);
       region_mask = REGION_ALL;
       if (use_region != NULL && !dont_use_region) {
         // find region in sl_regions
@@ -3909,11 +3906,12 @@ char_u *did_set_spelllang(win_T *wp)
       }
 
       if (region_mask != 0) {
-        LANGP_ENTRY(ga, ga.ga_len)->lp_slang = slang;
-        LANGP_ENTRY(ga, ga.ga_len)->lp_sallang = NULL;
-        LANGP_ENTRY(ga, ga.ga_len)->lp_replang = NULL;
-        LANGP_ENTRY(ga, ga.ga_len)->lp_region = region_mask;
-        ++ga.ga_len;
+        langp_T *p = GA_APPEND_VIA_PTR(langp_T, &ga);
+        p->lp_slang = slang;
+        p->lp_sallang = NULL;
+        p->lp_replang = NULL;
+        p->lp_region = region_mask;
+
         use_midword(slang, wp);
       }
     }
@@ -4851,16 +4849,11 @@ static afffile_T *spell_read_aff(spellinfo_T *spin, char_u *fname)
                   break;
               }
               if (idx < 0) {
-                ga_grow(&spin->si_prefcond, 1);
                 // Not found, add a new condition.
-                idx = spin->si_prefcond.ga_len++;
-                pp = ((char_u **)spin->si_prefcond.ga_data)
-                     + idx;
-                if (aff_entry->ae_cond == NULL)
-                  *pp = NULL;
-                else
-                  *pp = getroom_save(spin,
-                      aff_entry->ae_cond);
+                idx = spin->si_prefcond.ga_len;
+                pp = GA_APPEND_VIA_PTR(char_u *, &spin->si_prefcond);
+                *pp = (aff_entry->ae_cond == NULL) ?
+                  NULL : getroom_save(spin, aff_entry->ae_cond);
               }
 
               // Add the prefix to the prefix tree.
@@ -5328,16 +5321,13 @@ static int str_equal(char_u *s1, char_u *s2)
 // They are stored case-folded.
 static void add_fromto(spellinfo_T *spin, garray_T *gap, char_u *from, char_u *to)
 {
-  fromto_T    *ftp;
   char_u word[MAXWLEN];
 
-  ga_grow(gap, 1);
-  ftp = ((fromto_T *)gap->ga_data) + gap->ga_len;
+  fromto_T *ftp = GA_APPEND_VIA_PTR(fromto_T, gap);
   (void)spell_casefold(from, (int)STRLEN(from), word, MAXWLEN);
   ftp->ft_from = getroom_save(spin, word);
   (void)spell_casefold(to, (int)STRLEN(to), word, MAXWLEN);
   ftp->ft_to = getroom_save(spin, word);
-  ++gap->ga_len;
 }
 
 // Convert a boolean argument in a SAL line to TRUE or FALSE;
@@ -11503,9 +11493,8 @@ add_suggestion (
   }
 
   if (i < 0) {
-    ga_grow(gap, 1);
     // Add a suggestion.
-    stp = &SUG(*gap, gap->ga_len);
+    stp = GA_APPEND_VIA_PTR(suggest_T, gap);
     stp->st_word = vim_strnsave(goodword, goodlen);
     stp->st_wordlen = goodlen;
     stp->st_score = score;
@@ -11513,7 +11502,6 @@ add_suggestion (
     stp->st_had_bonus = had_bonus;
     stp->st_orglen = badlen;
     stp->st_slang = slang;
-    ++gap->ga_len;
 
     // If we have too many suggestions now, sort the list and keep
     // the best suggestions.
diff --git a/src/nvim/syntax.c b/src/nvim/syntax.c
index 945172564b..0ce8d6e16f 100644
--- a/src/nvim/syntax.c
+++ b/src/nvim/syntax.c
@@ -2485,10 +2485,9 @@ update_si_end (
  */
 static void push_current_state(int idx)
 {
-  ga_grow(&current_state, 1);
-  memset(&CUR_STATE(current_state.ga_len), 0, sizeof(stateitem_T));
-  CUR_STATE(current_state.ga_len).si_idx = idx;
-  ++current_state.ga_len;
+  stateitem_T *p = GA_APPEND_VIA_PTR(stateitem_T, &current_state);
+  memset(p, 0, sizeof(*p));
+  p->si_idx = idx;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -4279,28 +4278,26 @@ syn_cmd_match (
     if (!ends_excmd(*rest) || eap->skip)
       rest = NULL;
     else {
-      ga_grow(&curwin->w_s->b_syn_patterns, 1);
       if ((syn_id = syn_check_group(arg, (int)(group_name_end - arg))) != 0) {
         syn_incl_toplevel(syn_id, &syn_opt_arg.flags);
         /*
          * Store the pattern in the syn_items list
          */
-        int idx = curwin->w_s->b_syn_patterns.ga_len;
-        SYN_ITEMS(curwin->w_s)[idx] = item;
-        SYN_ITEMS(curwin->w_s)[idx].sp_syncing = syncing;
-        SYN_ITEMS(curwin->w_s)[idx].sp_type = SPTYPE_MATCH;
-        SYN_ITEMS(curwin->w_s)[idx].sp_syn.id = syn_id;
-        SYN_ITEMS(curwin->w_s)[idx].sp_syn.inc_tag = current_syn_inc_tag;
-        SYN_ITEMS(curwin->w_s)[idx].sp_flags = syn_opt_arg.flags;
-        SYN_ITEMS(curwin->w_s)[idx].sp_sync_idx = sync_idx;
-        SYN_ITEMS(curwin->w_s)[idx].sp_cont_list = syn_opt_arg.cont_list;
-        SYN_ITEMS(curwin->w_s)[idx].sp_syn.cont_in_list =
-          syn_opt_arg.cont_in_list;
-        SYN_ITEMS(curwin->w_s)[idx].sp_cchar = conceal_char;
+        synpat_T *spp = GA_APPEND_VIA_PTR(synpat_T,
+                                          &curwin->w_s->b_syn_patterns);
+        *spp = item;
+        spp->sp_syncing = syncing;
+        spp->sp_type = SPTYPE_MATCH;
+        spp->sp_syn.id = syn_id;
+        spp->sp_syn.inc_tag = current_syn_inc_tag;
+        spp->sp_flags = syn_opt_arg.flags;
+        spp->sp_sync_idx = sync_idx;
+        spp->sp_cont_list = syn_opt_arg.cont_list;
+        spp->sp_syn.cont_in_list = syn_opt_arg.cont_in_list;
+        spp->sp_cchar = conceal_char;
         if (syn_opt_arg.cont_in_list != NULL)
           curwin->w_s->b_syn_containedin = TRUE;
-        SYN_ITEMS(curwin->w_s)[idx].sp_next_list = syn_opt_arg.next_list;
-        ++curwin->w_s->b_syn_patterns.ga_len;
+        spp->sp_next_list = syn_opt_arg.next_list;
 
         /* remember that we found a match for syncing on */
         if (syn_opt_arg.flags & (HL_SYNC_HERE|HL_SYNC_THERE))
@@ -4755,16 +4752,12 @@ static int syn_add_cluster(char_u *name)
     return 0;
   }
 
-  /*
-   * Make room for at least one other cluster entry.
-   */
-  ga_grow(&curwin->w_s->b_syn_clusters, 1);
-
-  memset(&(SYN_CLSTR(curwin->w_s)[len]), 0, sizeof(syn_cluster_T));
-  SYN_CLSTR(curwin->w_s)[len].scl_name = name;
-  SYN_CLSTR(curwin->w_s)[len].scl_name_u = vim_strsave_up(name);
-  SYN_CLSTR(curwin->w_s)[len].scl_list = NULL;
-  ++curwin->w_s->b_syn_clusters.ga_len;
+  syn_cluster_T *scp = GA_APPEND_VIA_PTR(syn_cluster_T,
+                                         &curwin->w_s->b_syn_clusters);
+  memset(scp, 0, sizeof(*scp));
+  scp->scl_name = name;
+  scp->scl_name_u = vim_strsave_up(name);
+  scp->scl_list = NULL;
 
   if (STRICMP(name, "Spell") == 0)
     curwin->w_s->b_spell_cluster_id = len + SYNID_CLUSTER;
@@ -5701,8 +5694,7 @@ static void syntime_report(void)
   for (int idx = 0; idx < curwin->w_s->b_syn_patterns.ga_len; ++idx) {
     spp = &(SYN_ITEMS(curwin->w_s)[idx]);
     if (spp->sp_time.count > 0) {
-      ga_grow(&ga, 1);
-      p = ((time_entry_T *)ga.ga_data) + ga.ga_len;
+      p = GA_APPEND_VIA_PTR(time_entry_T, &ga);
       p->total = spp->sp_time.total;
       profile_add(&total_total, &spp->sp_time.total);
       p->count = spp->sp_time.count;
@@ -5713,7 +5705,6 @@ static void syntime_report(void)
       p->average = tm;
       p->id = spp->sp_syn.id;
       p->pattern = spp->sp_pattern;
-      ++ga.ga_len;
     }
   }
 
@@ -6810,10 +6801,8 @@ static int get_attr_entry(garray_T *table, attrentry_T *aep)
   /*
    * This is a new combination of colors and font, add an entry.
    */
-  ga_grow(table, 1);
-
-  taep = &(((attrentry_T *)table->ga_data)[table->ga_len]);
-  memset(taep, 0, sizeof(attrentry_T));
+  taep = GA_APPEND_VIA_PTR(attrentry_T, table);
+  memset(taep, 0, sizeof(*taep));
   taep->ae_attr = aep->ae_attr;
   if (table == &term_attr_table) {
     if (aep->ae_u.term.start == NULL)
@@ -6828,7 +6817,7 @@ static int get_attr_entry(garray_T *table, attrentry_T *aep)
     taep->ae_u.cterm.fg_color = aep->ae_u.cterm.fg_color;
     taep->ae_u.cterm.bg_color = aep->ae_u.cterm.bg_color;
   }
-  ++table->ga_len;
+
   return table->ga_len - 1 + ATTR_OFF;
 }
 
@@ -7319,15 +7308,11 @@ static int syn_add_group(char_u *name)
     return 0;
   }
 
-  /*
-   * Make room for at least one other syntax_highlight entry.
-   */
-  ga_grow(&highlight_ga, 1);
-
-  memset(&(HL_TABLE()[highlight_ga.ga_len]), 0, sizeof(struct hl_group));
-  HL_TABLE()[highlight_ga.ga_len].sg_name = name;
-  HL_TABLE()[highlight_ga.ga_len].sg_name_u = vim_strsave_up(name);
-  ++highlight_ga.ga_len;
+  // Append another syntax_highlight entry.
+  struct hl_group* hlgp = GA_APPEND_VIA_PTR(struct hl_group, &highlight_ga);
+  memset(hlgp, 0, sizeof(*hlgp));
+  hlgp->sg_name = name;
+  hlgp->sg_name_u = vim_strsave_up(name);
 
   return highlight_ga.ga_len;               /* ID is index plus one */
 }