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fix(tutor): formatting, layout #15098

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* fix(tutor): adjust over-80ch lines and corresponding expect file
* fix(tutor): standardise indentation and formatting, add nowrap modeline

- unifies the formatting/layout, which was a bit inconsistent,
- adds a nowrap modeline

Since the tutor uses a lot of conceals, which are included in the character
count when calculating line wrapping, lines were breaking at what looked like
odd spots, which gives a poor first impression and lowered readability.

I have adjusted some lines to be over 80ch in the source, but once they're
rendered out with conceals, they're actually under 80, so even with nowrap we
don't visually extend past 80.

fix #15088
This commit is contained in:
Oliver Marriott 2021-08-30 22:27:35 +10:00 committed by GitHub
parent 325fad8983
commit c52ec8f9eb
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2 changed files with 144 additions and 148 deletions
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222
runtime/tutor/en/vim-01-beginner.tutor
View File

@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
# Welcome to the VIM Tutor
# Welcome to the VIM Tutor
Vim is a very powerful editor that has many commands, too many to explain in
a tutor such as this. This tutor is designed to describe enough of the
@ -21,7 +21,9 @@ This tutorial is interactive, and there are a few things you should know.
- Type [<Enter>](<Enter>) on links [like this](holy-grail ) to open the linked help section.
- Or simply type [K](K) on any word to find its documentation!
- Sometimes you will be required to modify text like
this here
this here
Once you have done the changes correctly, the ✗ sign at the left will change
to ✓. I imagine you can already see how neat Vim can be. ;)
Other times, you'll be prompted to run a command (I'll explain this later):
@ -32,7 +34,6 @@ or press a sequence of keys
~~~ normal
<Esc>0f<Space>d3wP$P
~~~
Text within <'s and >'s (like `<Enter>`{normal}) describes a key to press
instead of text to type.
@ -48,12 +49,12 @@ Now, move to the next lesson (use the `j`{normal} key to scroll down).
j The `j`{normal} key looks like a down arrow.
↓
1. Move the cursor around the screen until you are comfortable.
1. Move the cursor around the screen until you are comfortable.
2. Hold down the down key (`j`{normal}) until it repeats.
Now you know how to move to the next lesson.
2. Hold down the down key (`j`{normal}) until it repeats.
Now you know how to move to the next lesson.
3. Using the down key, move to Lesson 1.2.
3. Using the down key, move to Lesson 1.2.
NOTE: If you are ever unsure about something you typed, press <Esc> to place
you in Normal mode. Then retype the command you wanted.
@ -63,8 +64,7 @@ NOTE: The cursor keys should also work. But using hjkl you will be able to
# Lesson 1.2: EXITING VIM
!! NOTE: Before executing any of the steps below,
read this entire lesson !!
!! NOTE: Before executing any of the steps below, read this entire lesson !!
1. Press the <Esc> key (to make sure you are in Normal mode).
@ -72,18 +72,18 @@ read this entire lesson !!
`:q!`{vim} `<Enter>`{normal}.
This exits the editor, DISCARDING any changes you have made.
This exits the editor, DISCARDING any changes you have made.
3. Open vim and get back here by executing the command that got you into
this tutor. That might be:
this tutor. That might be:
:Tutor <Enter>
:Tutor <Enter>
4. If you have these steps memorized and are confident, execute steps
1 through 3 to exit and re-enter the editor.
1 through 3 to exit and re-enter the editor.
NOTE: [:q!](:q) <Enter> discards any changes you made. In a few lessons you
will learn how to save the changes to a file.
will learn how to save the changes to a file.
5. Move the cursor down to Lesson 1.3.
@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ NOTE: [:q!](:q) <Enter> discards any changes you made. In a few lessons you
1. Move the cursor to the line below marked ✗.
2. To fix the errors, move the cursor until it is on top of the
character to be deleted.
character to be deleted.
3. Press [the x key](x) to delete the unwanted character.
@ -104,8 +104,9 @@ The ccow jumpedd ovverr thhe mooon.
5. Now that the line is correct, go on to Lesson 1.4.
NOTE: As you go through this tutor, do not try to memorize, learn by
usage.
NOTE: As you go through this tutor, do not try to memorize everything,
your Vim vocabulary will expand with usage. Consider returning to
this tutor periodically for a refresher.
# Lesson 1.4: TEXT EDITING: INSERTION
@ -114,12 +115,12 @@ NOTE: As you go through this tutor, do not try to memorize, learn by
1. Move the cursor to the first line below marked ✗.
2. To make the first line the same as the second, move the cursor on top
of the first character AFTER where the text is to be inserted.
of the first character AFTER where the text is to be inserted.
3. Press `i`{normal} and type in the necessary additions.
4. As each error is fixed press `<Esc>`{normal} to return to Normal mode.
Repeat steps 2 through 4 to correct the sentence.
Repeat steps 2 through 4 to correct the sentence.
There is text misng this .
There is some text missing from this line.
@ -136,7 +137,7 @@ There is some text missing from this line.
2. Press [A](A) and type in the necessary additions.
3. As the text has been appended press `<Esc>`{normal} to return to Normal
mode.
mode.
4. Move the cursor to the second line marked ✗ and repeat
steps 2 and 3 to correct this sentence.
@ -159,7 +160,7 @@ There is also some text missing here.
2. At the shell prompt type this command:
~~~ sh
$ nvim tutor
$ nvim tutor
~~~
'nvim' is the command to start the Nvim editor, 'tutor' is the name of
the file you wish to edit. Use a file that may be changed.
@ -168,13 +169,12 @@ There is also some text missing here.
4. Save the file with changes and exit Vim with:
~~~ cmd
:wq
:wq
~~~
Note you'll need to press `<Enter>` to execute the command.
5. If you have quit vimtutor in step 1 restart the vimtutor and move down
to the following summary.
to the following summary.
6. After reading the above steps and understanding them: do it.
@ -184,15 +184,11 @@ There is also some text missing here.
h (left) j (down) k (up) l (right)
2. To start Vim from the shell prompt type:
~~~ sh
$ nvim FILENAME
~~~
3. To exit Vim type: `<Esc>`{normal} `:q!`{vim} `<Enter>`{normal} to trash
all changes.
OR type: `<Esc>`{normal} `:wq`{vim} `<Enter>`{normal} to save
the changes.
3. To exit Vim type: `<Esc>`{normal} `:q!`{vim} `<Enter>`{normal} to trash all changes.
OR type: `<Esc>`{normal} `:wq`{vim} `<Enter>`{normal} to save the changes.
4. To delete the character at the cursor type: `x`{normal}
@ -239,8 +235,7 @@ Somebody typed the end of this line twice. end of this line twice.
# Lesson 2.3: ON OPERATORS AND MOTIONS
Many commands that change text are made from an [operator](operator) and
a [motion](navigation).
Many commands that change text are made from an [operator](operator) and a [motion](navigation).
The format for a delete command with the [d](d) delete operator is as follows:
d motion
@ -318,16 +313,13 @@ it would be easier to simply type two d's to delete a line.
** Press `u`{normal} to undo the last commands, `U`{normal} to fix a whole line. **
1. Move the cursor to the line below marked ✗ and place it on the
first error.
1. Move the cursor to the line below marked ✗ and place it on the first error.
2. Type `x`{normal} to delete the first unwanted character.
3. Now type `u`{normal} to undo the last command executed.
4. This time fix all the errors on the line using the `x`{normal} command.
5. Now type a capital `U`{normal} to return the line to its original state.
6. Now type `u`{normal} a few times to undo the `U`{normal} and preceding
commands.
7. Now type `<C-r>`{normal} (Control + R) a few times to redo the commands
(undo the undos).
6. Now type `u`{normal} a few times to undo the `U`{normal} and preceding commands.
7. Now type `<C-r>`{normal} (Control + R) a few times to redo the commands.
Fiix the errors oon thhis line and reeplace them witth undo.
@ -341,11 +333,14 @@ Fiix the errors oon thhis line and reeplace them witth undo.
4. To repeat a motion prepend it with a number: `2w`{normal}
5. The format for a change command is:
operator [number] motion
operator [number] motion
where:
operator - is what to do, such as [d](d) for delete
[number] - is an optional count to repeat the motion
motion - moves over the text to operate on, such as:
operator - is what to do, such as [d](d) for delete
[number] - is an optional count to repeat the motion
motion - moves over the text to operate on, such as:
[w](w) (word),
[$]($) (to the end of line), etc.
@ -403,8 +398,7 @@ NOTE: Remember that you should be learning by doing, not memorization.
3. Type `ce`{normal} and the correct word (in this case, type "ine" ).
4. Press `<Esc>`{normal} and move to the next character that needs to be
changed.
4. Press `<Esc>`{normal} and move to the next character that needs to be changed.
5. Repeat steps 3 and 4 until the first sentence is the same as the second.
@ -419,7 +413,7 @@ Notice that [c](c)e deletes the word and places you in Insert mode.
1. The change operator works in the same way as delete. The format is:
c [number] motion
c [number] motion
2. The motions are the same, such as `w`{normal} (word) and `$`{normal} (end of line).
@ -449,7 +443,7 @@ NOTE: You can use the Backspace key to correct mistakes while typing.
4. The format for change is:
c [number] motion
c [number] motion
Now go on to the next lesson.
@ -460,13 +454,13 @@ Now go on to the next lesson.
NOTE: Read this entire lesson before executing any of the steps!!
1. Hold down the `<Ctrl>`{normal} key and press `g`{normal}. We call this
`<C-g>`{normal}. A message will appear at the bottom of the page with the
filename and the position in the file. Remember the line number for
Step 3.
1. Hold down the `<Ctrl>`{normal} key and press `g`{normal}. We call this `<C-g>`{normal}.
A message will appear at the bottom of the page with the filename and
the position in the file. Remember the line number for Step 3.
NOTE: You may see the cursor position in the lower right corner of the
screen. This happens when the ['ruler']('ruler') option is set.
2. Press [G](G) to move you to the bottom of the file.
Type [gg](gg) to move you to the start of the file.
@ -482,17 +476,16 @@ NOTE: You may see the cursor position in the lower right corner of the
1. In Normal mode type the `/`{normal} character. Notice that it and the
cursor appear at the bottom of the screen as with the `:`{normal} command.
2. Now type 'errroor' `<Enter>`{normal}. This is the word you want to search
for.
2. Now type 'errroor' `<Enter>`{normal}. This is the word you want to search for.
3. To search for the same phrase again, simply type [n](n).
To search for the same phrase in the opposite direction, type [N](N).
4. To search for a phrase in the backward direction, use [?](?) instead
of `/`{normal}.
4. To search for a phrase in the backward direction, use [?](?) instead of `/`{normal}.
5. To go back to where you came from press `<C-o>`{normal} (keep `<Ctrl>`{normal} pressed down while pressing the letter `o`{normal}). Repeat to go back
further. `<C-i>`{normal} goes forward.
5. To go back to where you came from press `<C-o>`{normal}.
(keep `<Ctrl>`{normal} pressed down while pressing the letter `o`{normal}).
Repeat to go back further. `<C-i>`{normal} goes forward.
"errroor" is not the way to spell error; errroor is an error.
@ -525,16 +518,14 @@ NOTE: This is very useful in debugging a program with unmatched parentheses!
2. Type
~~~ cmd
:s/thee/the/
:s/thee/the/
~~~
NOTE that the [:s](:s) command only changed the first occurrence of "thee" in the line.
NOTE: the [:s](:s) command only changed the first match of "thee" in the line.
3. Now type
~~~ cmd
:s/thee/the/g
:s/thee/the/g
~~~
Adding the g [flag](:s_flags) means to substitute globally in the line,
change all occurrences of "thee" in the line.
@ -542,20 +533,20 @@ Usually thee best time to see thee flowers is in thee spring.
4. To change every occurrence of a character string between two lines, type
~~~ cmd
:#,#s/old/new/g
:#,#s/old/new/g
~~~
where #,# are the line numbers of the range of lines where the
substitution is to be done.
Type
~~~ cmd
:%s/old/new/g
:%s/old/new/g
~~~
to change every occurrence in the whole file.
Type
~~~ cmd
:%s/old/new/gc
:%s/old/new/gc
~~~
to find every occurrence in the whole file, with a prompt whether to
substitute or not.
@ -564,7 +555,7 @@ Usually thee best time to see thee flowers is in thee spring.
1. `<C-g>`{normal} displays your location and the file status.
`G`{normal} moves to the end of the file.
number `G`{normal} moves to that line number.
number `G`{normal} moves to that line number.
`gg`{normal} moves to the first line.
2. Typing `/`{normal} followed by a phrase searches FORWARD for the phrase.
@ -643,7 +634,6 @@ NOTE: If you were to exit Vim and start it again with `nvim TEST`, the file
~~~ cmd
:!rm TEST
~~~
# Lesson 5.3: SELECTING TEXT TO WRITE
** To save part of the file, type `v`{normal} motion `:w FILENAME`{vim}. **
@ -655,7 +645,7 @@ NOTE: If you were to exit Vim and start it again with `nvim TEST`, the file
3. Press the `:`{normal} character. At the bottom of the screen
:'<,'>
`:'<,'>`{vim}
will appear.
@ -669,12 +659,12 @@ NOTE: If you were to exit Vim and start it again with `nvim TEST`, the file
before you press `<Enter>`{normal}.
5. Vim will write the selected lines to the file TEST. Use `:!ls`{vim} to see it. Do not remove it yet! We will use it in the next lesson.
5. Vim will write the selected lines to the file TEST. Use `:!ls`{vim} to see it.
Do not remove it yet! We will use it in the next lesson.
NOTE: Pressing [v](v) starts [Visual selection](visual-mode). You can move
the cursor around to make the selection bigger or smaller. Then you can
use an operator to do something with the text. For example, `d`{normal}
deletes the text.
NOTE: Pressing [v](v) starts [Visual selection](visual-mode). You can move the cursor around to
make the selection bigger or smaller. Then you can use an operator to
do something with the text. For example, `d`{normal} deletes the text.
# Lesson 5.4: RETRIEVING AND MERGING FILES
@ -689,8 +679,8 @@ NOTE: After executing Step 2 you will see text from Lesson 5.3. Then move
`:r TEST`{vim}
where TEST is the name of the file you used.
The file you retrieve is placed below the cursor line.
where TEST is the name of the file you used.
The file you retrieve is placed below the cursor line.
3. To verify that a file was retrieved, cursor back and notice that there
are now two copies of Lesson 5.3, the original and the file version.
@ -706,20 +696,20 @@ NOTE: You can also read the output of an external command. For example,
1. [:!command](:!cmd) executes an external command.
Some useful examples are:
`:!ls`{vim} - shows a directory listing
`:!rm FILENAME`{vim} - removes file FILENAME
`:!ls`{vim} - shows a directory listing
`:!rm FILENAME`{vim} - removes file FILENAME
2. [:w](:w) FILENAME writes the current Vim file to disk with
name FILENAME.
2. [:w](:w) FILENAME writes the current Vim file to disk with
name FILENAME.
3. [v](v) motion :w FILENAME saves the Visually selected lines in file
FILENAME.
4. [:r](:r) FILENAME retrieves disk file FILENAME and puts it
below the cursor position.
4. [:r](:r) FILENAME retrieves disk file FILENAME and puts it
below the cursor position.
5. [:r !dir](:r!) reads the output of the dir command and
puts it below the cursor position.
5. [:r !dir](:r!) reads the output of the dir command and
puts it below the cursor position.
# Lesson 6.1: THE OPEN COMMAND
@ -747,14 +737,11 @@ Open up a line above this by typing O while the cursor is on this line.
2. Press `e`{normal} until the cursor is on the end of "li".
3. Type the lowercase letter `a`{normal} to [append](a) text AFTER the
cursor.
3. Type the lowercase letter `a`{normal} to [append](a) text AFTER the cursor.
4. Complete the word like the line below it. Press `<Esc>`{normal} to exit
Insert mode.
4. Complete the word like the line below it. Press `<Esc>`{normal} to exit Insert mode.
5. Use `e`{normal} to move to the next incomplete word and repeat steps 3
and 4.
5. Use `e`{normal} to move to the next incomplete word and repeat steps 3 and 4.
This li will allow you to pract appendi text to a line.
This line will allow you to practice appending text to a line.
@ -767,21 +754,21 @@ NOTE: [a](a), [i](i) and [A](A) all go to the same Insert mode, the only
** Type a capital `R`{normal} to replace more than one character. **
1. Move the cursor to the first line below marked ✗. Move the cursor to
the beginning of the first "xxx".
the beginning of the first "xxx".
2. Now press `R`{normal} ([capital R](R)) and type the number below it in the
second line, so that it replaces the "xxx".
second line, so that it replaces the "xxx".
3. Press `<Esc>`{normal} to leave [Replace mode](mode-replace). Notice that
the rest of the line remains unmodified.
the rest of the line remains unmodified.
4. Repeat the steps to replace the remaining "xxx".
Adding 123 to xxx gives you xxx.
Adding 123 to 456 gives you 579.
NOTE: Replace mode is like Insert mode, but every typed character deletes an
existing character.
NOTE: Replace mode is like Insert mode, but every typed character
deletes an existing character.
# Lesson 6.4: COPY AND PASTE TEXT
@ -875,17 +862,17 @@ NOTE: If you want to ignore case for just one search command, use [\c](/\c)
~~~ cmd
:set invic
~~~
# Lesson 7.1: GETTING HELP
** Use the on-line help system. **
Vim has a comprehensive on-line help system. To get started, try one of
these three:
- press the `<HELP>`{normal} key (if you have one)
- press the `<F1>`{normal} key (if you have one)
- type
`:help`{vim}
Vim has a comprehensive on-line help system.
To get started, try one of these three:
- press the `<HELP>`{normal} key (if you have one)
- press the `<F1>`{normal} key (if you have one)
- type `:help`{vim}
Read the text in the help window to find out how the help works.
Type `<C-w><C-w>`{normal} to jump from one window to another.
@ -907,10 +894,12 @@ Vim has many more features than Vi, but most of them are disabled by
default. To start using more features you have to create a "vimrc" file.
1. Start editing the "vimrc" file.
`:call mkdir(stdpath('config'),'p')`{vim}
`:exe 'edit' stdpath('config').'/init.vim'`{vim}
2. Write the file with:
`:w`{vim}
You can add all your preferred settings to this "vimrc" file.
@ -924,17 +913,15 @@ default. To start using more features you have to create a "vimrc" file.
2. Type the start of a command: `:e`{vim}
3. Press `<C-d>`{normal} and Vim will show a list of commands that start
with "e".
3. Press `<C-d>`{normal} and Vim will show a list of commands beginning with "e".
4. Press `<Tab>`{normal} and Vim will complete the command name to ":edit".
5. Now add a space and the start of an existing file name: `:edit FIL`{vim}
6. Press `<Tab>`{normal}. Vim will complete the name (if it is unique).
6. Press `<Tab>`{normal}. Vim will complete the name ("FIL" -> "FILE", if it is unique).
NOTE: Completion works for many commands. It is especially useful for
`:help`{vim}.
NOTE: Completion works for many commands. It is especially useful for `:help`{vim}.
# Lesson 7 SUMMARY
@ -950,7 +937,7 @@ NOTE: Completion works for many commands. It is especially useful for
5. Create a vimrc startup script to keep your preferred settings.
6. While in command mode, press `<C-d>`{normal} to see possible completions.
Press `<Tab>`{normal} to use one completion.
Press `<Tab>`{normal} to use one completion.
# CONCLUSION
@ -961,13 +948,20 @@ many many more commands. Consult the help often.
There are many resources online to learn more about vim. Here's a bunch of
them:
- *Learn Vim Progressively*: http://yannesposito.com/Scratch/en/blog/Learn-Vim-Progressively/
- *Learning Vim in 2014*: http://benmccormick.org/learning-vim-in-2014/
- *Vimcasts*: http://vimcasts.org/
- *Vim Video-Tutorials by Derek Wyatt*: http://derekwyatt.org/vim/tutorials/
- *Learn Vimscript the Hard Way*: http://learnvimscriptthehardway.stevelosh.com/
- *7 Habits of Effective Text Editing*: http://www.moolenaar.net/habits.html
- *vim-galore*: https://github.com/mhinz/vim-galore
- *Learn Vim Progressively*:
http://yannesposito.com/Scratch/en/blog/Learn-Vim-Progressively/
- *Learning Vim in 2013*:
http://benmccormick.org/learning-vim-in-2014/
- *Vimcasts*:
http://vimcasts.org/
- *Vim Video-Tutorials by Derek Wyatt*:
http://derekwyatt.org/vim/tutorials/
- *Learn Vimscript the Hard Way*:
http://learnvimscriptthehardway.stevelosh.com/
- *7 Habits of Effective Text Editing*:
http://www.moolenaar.net/habits.html
- *vim-galore*:
https://github.com/mhinz/vim-galore
If you prefer a book, *Practical Vim* by Drew Neil is recommended often
(the sequel, *Modern Vim*, includes material specific to nvim).
@ -978,3 +972,5 @@ University. E-mail: bware@mines.colorado.edu.
Modified for Vim by Bram Moolenaar.
Modified for vim-tutor-mode by Felipe Morales.
// vim: nowrap

70
runtime/tutor/en/vim-01-beginner.tutor.json
View File

@ -1,45 +1,45 @@
{
"expect": {
"24": -1,
"25": -1,
"103": "The cow jumped over the moon.",
"124": "There is some text missing from this line.",
"125": "There is some text missing from this line.",
"144": "There is some text missing from this line.",
"126": "There is some text missing from this line.",
"145": "There is some text missing from this line.",
"146": "There is also some text missing here.",
"146": "There is some text missing from this line.",
"147": "There is also some text missing here.",
"220": "There are some words that don't belong in this sentence.",
"236": "Somebody typed the end of this line twice.",
"276": -1,
"295": "This line of words is cleaned up.",
"148": "There is also some text missing here.",
"216": "There are some words that don't belong in this sentence.",
"232": "Somebody typed the end of this line twice.",
"271": -1,
"290": "This line of words is cleaned up.",
"304": -1,
"305": -1,
"306": -1,
"307": -1,
"308": -1,
"309": -1,
"310": -1,
"311": -1,
"312": -1,
"313": -1,
"314": -1,
"315": -1,
"332": "Fix the errors on this line and replace them with undo.",
"372": -1,
"373": -1,
"374": -1,
"375": -1,
"389": "When this line was typed in, someone pressed some wrong keys!",
"390": "When this line was typed in, someone pressed some wrong keys!",
"411": "This line has a few words that need changing using the change operator.",
"412": "This line has a few words that need changing using the change operator.",
"432": "The end of this line needs to be corrected using the `c$` command.",
"433": "The end of this line needs to be corrected using the `c$` command.",
"497": -1,
"516": -1,
"541": "Usually the best time to see the flowers is in the spring.",
"735": -1,
"740": -1,
"759": "This line will allow you to practice appending text to a line.",
"760": "This line will allow you to practice appending text to a line.",
"780": "Adding 123 to 456 gives you 579.",
"781": "Adding 123 to 456 gives you 579.",
"807": "a) This is the first item.",
"808": "b) This is the second item."
"324": "Fix the errors on this line and replace them with undo.",
"367": -1,
"368": -1,
"369": -1,
"370": -1,
"384": "When this line was typed in, someone pressed some wrong keys!",
"385": "When this line was typed in, someone pressed some wrong keys!",
"405": "This line has a few words that need changing using the change operator.",
"406": "This line has a few words that need changing using the change operator.",
"426": "The end of this line needs to be corrected using the `c$` command.",
"427": "The end of this line needs to be corrected using the `c$` command.",
"490": -1,
"509": -1,
"532": "Usually the best time to see the flowers is in the spring.",
"725": -1,
"730": -1,
"746": "This line will allow you to practice appending text to a line.",
"747": "This line will allow you to practice appending text to a line.",
"767": "Adding 123 to 456 gives you 579.",
"768": "Adding 123 to 456 gives you 579.",
"794": "a) This is the first item.",
"795": "b) This is the second item."
}
}