diff --git a/runtime/lua/vim/lsp/_tagfunc.lua b/runtime/lua/vim/lsp/_tagfunc.lua
index 4ad50e4a58..70917de48d 100644
--- a/runtime/lua/vim/lsp/_tagfunc.lua
+++ b/runtime/lua/vim/lsp/_tagfunc.lua
@@ -27,15 +27,20 @@ local function query_definition(pattern)
     return {}
   end
   local results = {}
+
+  --- @param range lsp.Range
+  --- @param uri string
+  --- @param offset_encoding string
   local add = function(range, uri, offset_encoding)
     table.insert(results, mk_tag_item(pattern, range, uri, offset_encoding))
   end
+
   for client_id, lsp_results in pairs(assert(results_by_client)) do
     local client = lsp.get_client_by_id(client_id)
     local offset_encoding = client and client.offset_encoding or 'utf-16'
     local result = lsp_results.result or {}
     if result.range then -- Location
-      add(result.range, result.uri)
+      add(result.range, result.uri, offset_encoding)
     else
       result = result --[[@as (lsp.Location[]|lsp.LocationLink[])]]
       for _, item in pairs(result) do
diff --git a/runtime/lua/vim/lsp/buf.lua b/runtime/lua/vim/lsp/buf.lua
index 301c1f0cb6..e3f4beeeb1 100644
--- a/runtime/lua/vim/lsp/buf.lua
+++ b/runtime/lua/vim/lsp/buf.lua
@@ -338,6 +338,8 @@ function M.rename(new_name, opts)
   -- Compute early to account for cursor movements after going async
   local cword = vim.fn.expand('<cword>')
 
+  --- @param range lsp.Range
+  --- @param offset_encoding string
   local function get_text_at_range(range, offset_encoding)
     return api.nvim_buf_get_text(
       bufnr,
diff --git a/runtime/lua/vim/lsp/util.lua b/runtime/lua/vim/lsp/util.lua
index 31a9fdb2fc..aed742f001 100644
--- a/runtime/lua/vim/lsp/util.lua
+++ b/runtime/lua/vim/lsp/util.lua
@@ -347,7 +347,7 @@ end
 
 --- Position is a https://microsoft.github.io/language-server-protocol/specifications/specification-current/#position
 ---@param position lsp.Position
----@param offset_encoding? string utf-8|utf-16|utf-32
+---@param offset_encoding 'utf-8'|'utf-16'|'utf-32'
 ---@return integer
 local function get_line_byte_from_position(bufnr, position, offset_encoding)
   -- LSP's line and characters are 0-indexed
@@ -357,7 +357,7 @@ local function get_line_byte_from_position(bufnr, position, offset_encoding)
   -- character
   if col > 0 then
     local line = get_line(bufnr, position.line) or ''
-    return M._str_byteindex_enc(line, col, offset_encoding or 'utf-16')
+    return M._str_byteindex_enc(line, col, offset_encoding)
   end
   return col
 end
@@ -512,6 +512,7 @@ function M.apply_text_document_edit(text_document_edit, index, offset_encoding)
       'apply_text_document_edit must be called with valid offset encoding',
       vim.log.levels.WARN
     )
+    return
   end
 
   -- For lists of text document edits,
@@ -703,6 +704,7 @@ function M.apply_workspace_edit(workspace_edit, offset_encoding)
       'apply_workspace_edit must be called with valid offset encoding',
       vim.log.levels.WARN
     )
+    return
   end
   if workspace_edit.documentChanges then
     for idx, change in ipairs(workspace_edit.documentChanges) do
@@ -988,6 +990,7 @@ function M.show_document(location, offset_encoding, opts)
   end
   if offset_encoding == nil then
     vim.notify_once('show_document must be called with valid offset encoding', vim.log.levels.WARN)
+    return false
   end
   local bufnr = vim.uri_to_bufnr(uri)
 
diff --git a/test/functional/plugin/lsp_spec.lua b/test/functional/plugin/lsp_spec.lua
index 5309e1967c..6cd433b975 100644
--- a/test/functional/plugin/lsp_spec.lua
+++ b/test/functional/plugin/lsp_spec.lua
@@ -2586,7 +2586,7 @@ describe('LSP', function()
           },
         },
       }
-      eq(false, pcall(exec_lua, 'vim.lsp.util.apply_workspace_edit(...)', edit))
+      eq(false, pcall(exec_lua, 'vim.lsp.util.apply_workspace_edit(...)', edit, 'utf-16'))
       eq(false, vim.uv.fs_stat(tmpfile) ~= nil)
     end)
   end)