diff --git a/runtime/doc/lua.txt b/runtime/doc/lua.txt
index 2424c73f8f..f39adf4f8d 100644
--- a/runtime/doc/lua.txt
+++ b/runtime/doc/lua.txt
@@ -1698,6 +1698,19 @@ is_callable({f})                                           *vim.is_callable()*
     Return: ~
         (boolean) `true` if `f` is callable, else `false`
 
+list_contains({t}, {value})                              *vim.list_contains()*
+    Checks if a list-like table (integer keys without gaps) contains `value`.
+
+    Parameters: ~
+      • {t}      (table) Table to check (must be list-like, not validated)
+      • {value}  any Value to compare
+
+    Return: ~
+        (boolean) `true` if `t` contains `value`
+
+    See also: ~
+      • |vim.tbl_contains()| for checking values in general tables
+
 list_extend({dst}, {src}, {start}, {finish})               *vim.list_extend()*
     Extends a list-like table with the values of another list-like table.
 
@@ -1797,16 +1810,31 @@ tbl_add_reverse_lookup({o})                     *vim.tbl_add_reverse_lookup()*
     Return: ~
         (table) o
 
-tbl_contains({t}, {value})                                *vim.tbl_contains()*
-    Checks if a list-like (vector) table contains `value`.
+tbl_contains({t}, {value}, {opts})                        *vim.tbl_contains()*
+    Checks if a table contains a given value, specified either directly or via
+    a predicate that is checked for each value.
+
+    Example: >lua
+
+      vim.tbl_contains({ 'a', { 'b', 'c' } }, function(v)
+        return vim.deep_equal(v, { 'b', 'c' })
+      end, { predicate = true })
+      -- true
+<
 
     Parameters: ~
       • {t}      (table) Table to check
-      • {value}  any Value to compare
+      • {value}  any Value to compare or predicate function reference
+      • {opts}   (table|nil) Keyword arguments |kwargs|:
+                 • predicate: (boolean) `value` is a function reference to be
+                   checked (default false)
 
     Return: ~
         (boolean) `true` if `t` contains `value`
 
+    See also: ~
+      • |vim.list_contains()| for checking values in list-like tables
+
 tbl_count({t})                                               *vim.tbl_count()*
     Counts the number of non-nil values in table `t`.
 
diff --git a/runtime/doc/news.txt b/runtime/doc/news.txt
index ba428679f0..aff1a4a24e 100644
--- a/runtime/doc/news.txt
+++ b/runtime/doc/news.txt
@@ -37,6 +37,10 @@ CHANGED FEATURES                                                 *news-changed*
 
 The following changes to existing APIs or features add new behavior.
 
+• |vim.tbl_contains()| now works for general tables and allows specifying a
+  predicate function that is checked for each value. (Use |vim.list_contains()|
+  for checking list-like tables (integer keys without gaps) for literal values.)
+
 • |vim.region()| can use a string accepted by |getpos()| as position.
 
 ==============================================================================
@@ -44,8 +48,6 @@ REMOVED FEATURES                                                 *news-removed*
 
 The following deprecated functions or APIs were removed.
 
-• ...
-
 • Vimball support is removed.
   - :Vimuntar command removed.
 
diff --git a/runtime/lua/editorconfig.lua b/runtime/lua/editorconfig.lua
index 5b09126788..5188c13284 100644
--- a/runtime/lua/editorconfig.lua
+++ b/runtime/lua/editorconfig.lua
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ end
 
 function M.properties.charset(bufnr, val)
   assert(
-    vim.tbl_contains({ 'utf-8', 'utf-8-bom', 'latin1', 'utf-16be', 'utf-16le' }, val),
+    vim.list_contains({ 'utf-8', 'utf-8-bom', 'latin1', 'utf-16be', 'utf-16le' }, val),
     'charset must be one of "utf-8", "utf-8-bom", "latin1", "utf-16be", or "utf-16le"'
   )
   if val == 'utf-8' or val == 'utf-8-bom' then
diff --git a/runtime/lua/nvim/health.lua b/runtime/lua/nvim/health.lua
index b6d84404ec..6f544e9407 100644
--- a/runtime/lua/nvim/health.lua
+++ b/runtime/lua/nvim/health.lua
@@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ local function check_tmux()
   -- check for RGB capabilities
   local info = vim.fn.system({ 'tmux', 'display-message', '-p', '#{client_termfeatures}' })
   info = vim.split(vim.trim(info), ',', { trimempty = true })
-  if not vim.tbl_contains(info, 'RGB') then
+  if not vim.list_contains(info, 'RGB') then
     local has_rgb = false
     if #info == 0 then
       -- client_termfeatures may not be supported; fallback to checking show-messages
diff --git a/runtime/lua/provider/health.lua b/runtime/lua/provider/health.lua
index 8ebc8ccb17..a5fe14732c 100644
--- a/runtime/lua/provider/health.lua
+++ b/runtime/lua/provider/health.lua
@@ -449,7 +449,7 @@ local function python()
           local path_bin = vim.fs.normalize(path .. '/' .. pyname)
           if
             path_bin ~= vim.fs.normalize(python_exe)
-            and vim.tbl_contains(python_multiple, path_bin)
+            and vim.list_contains(python_multiple, path_bin)
             and executable(path_bin)
           then
             python_multiple[#python_multiple + 1] = path_bin
diff --git a/runtime/lua/vim/loader.lua b/runtime/lua/vim/loader.lua
index 7f953adc21..66627fe4e7 100644
--- a/runtime/lua/vim/loader.lua
+++ b/runtime/lua/vim/loader.lua
@@ -449,7 +449,7 @@ function Loader.lsmod(path)
       if topname then
         Loader._indexed[path][topname] = { modpath = modpath, modname = topname }
         Loader._topmods[topname] = Loader._topmods[topname] or {}
-        if not vim.tbl_contains(Loader._topmods[topname], path) then
+        if not vim.list_contains(Loader._topmods[topname], path) then
           table.insert(Loader._topmods[topname], path)
         end
       end
@@ -523,7 +523,7 @@ function M._inspect(opts)
         { ms(Loader._stats[stat].time / Loader._stats[stat].total) .. '\n', 'Bold' },
       })
       for k, v in pairs(Loader._stats[stat]) do
-        if not vim.tbl_contains({ 'time', 'total' }, k) then
+        if not vim.list_contains({ 'time', 'total' }, k) then
           chunks[#chunks + 1] = { '* ' .. k .. ':' .. string.rep(' ', 9 - #k) }
           chunks[#chunks + 1] = { tostring(v) .. '\n', 'Number' }
         end
diff --git a/runtime/lua/vim/lsp.lua b/runtime/lua/vim/lsp.lua
index 3db3545786..5c78bd7580 100644
--- a/runtime/lua/vim/lsp.lua
+++ b/runtime/lua/vim/lsp.lua
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ local function for_each_buffer_client(bufnr, fn, restrict_client_ids)
   if restrict_client_ids and #restrict_client_ids > 0 then
     local filtered_client_ids = {}
     for client_id in pairs(client_ids) do
-      if vim.tbl_contains(restrict_client_ids, client_id) then
+      if vim.list_contains(restrict_client_ids, client_id) then
         filtered_client_ids[client_id] = true
       end
     end
@@ -2186,7 +2186,7 @@ function lsp.formatexpr(opts)
   opts = opts or {}
   local timeout_ms = opts.timeout_ms or 500
 
-  if vim.tbl_contains({ 'i', 'R', 'ic', 'ix' }, vim.fn.mode()) then
+  if vim.list_contains({ 'i', 'R', 'ic', 'ix' }, vim.fn.mode()) then
     -- `formatexpr` is also called when exceeding `textwidth` in insert mode
     -- fall back to internal formatting
     return 1
diff --git a/runtime/lua/vim/lsp/_snippet.lua b/runtime/lua/vim/lsp/_snippet.lua
index 797d8960d5..e7ada5415f 100644
--- a/runtime/lua/vim/lsp/_snippet.lua
+++ b/runtime/lua/vim/lsp/_snippet.lua
@@ -17,14 +17,14 @@ P.take_until = function(targets, specials)
         table.insert(raw, '\\')
         new_pos = new_pos + 1
         c = string.sub(input, new_pos, new_pos)
-        if not vim.tbl_contains(targets, c) and not vim.tbl_contains(specials, c) then
+        if not vim.list_contains(targets, c) and not vim.list_contains(specials, c) then
           table.insert(esc, '\\')
         end
         table.insert(raw, c)
         table.insert(esc, c)
         new_pos = new_pos + 1
       else
-        if vim.tbl_contains(targets, c) then
+        if vim.list_contains(targets, c) then
           break
         end
         table.insert(raw, c)
diff --git a/runtime/lua/vim/lsp/codelens.lua b/runtime/lua/vim/lsp/codelens.lua
index 81cac6a511..005a0047fa 100644
--- a/runtime/lua/vim/lsp/codelens.lua
+++ b/runtime/lua/vim/lsp/codelens.lua
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ local function execute_lens(lens, bufnr, client_id)
   -- Need to use the client that returned the lens → must not use buf_request
   local command_provider = client.server_capabilities.executeCommandProvider
   local commands = type(command_provider) == 'table' and command_provider.commands or {}
-  if not vim.tbl_contains(commands, command.command) then
+  if not vim.list_contains(commands, command.command) then
     vim.notify(
       string.format(
         'Language server does not support command `%s`. This command may require a client extension.',
diff --git a/runtime/lua/vim/lsp/util.lua b/runtime/lua/vim/lsp/util.lua
index dca258e4b9..31af2afb0b 100644
--- a/runtime/lua/vim/lsp/util.lua
+++ b/runtime/lua/vim/lsp/util.lua
@@ -1476,7 +1476,7 @@ end
 local function close_preview_window(winnr, bufnrs)
   vim.schedule(function()
     -- exit if we are in one of ignored buffers
-    if bufnrs and vim.tbl_contains(bufnrs, api.nvim_get_current_buf()) then
+    if bufnrs and vim.list_contains(bufnrs, api.nvim_get_current_buf()) then
       return
     end
 
diff --git a/runtime/lua/vim/shared.lua b/runtime/lua/vim/shared.lua
index 9245adae3a..7ecb56eb92 100644
--- a/runtime/lua/vim/shared.lua
+++ b/runtime/lua/vim/shared.lua
@@ -252,12 +252,53 @@ function vim.tbl_filter(func, t)
   return rettab
 end
 
---- Checks if a list-like (vector) table contains `value`.
+--- Checks if a table contains a given value, specified either directly or via
+--- a predicate that is checked for each value.
+---
+--- Example:
+--- <pre>lua
+---  vim.tbl_contains({ 'a', { 'b', 'c' } }, function(v)
+---    return vim.deep_equal(v, { 'b', 'c' })
+---  end, { predicate = true })
+---  -- true
+--- </pre>
+---
+---@see |vim.list_contains()| for checking values in list-like tables
 ---
 ---@param t table Table to check
+---@param value any Value to compare or predicate function reference
+---@param opts (table|nil) Keyword arguments |kwargs|:
+---       - predicate: (boolean) `value` is a function reference to be checked (default false)
+---@return boolean `true` if `t` contains `value`
+function vim.tbl_contains(t, value, opts)
+  vim.validate({ t = { t, 't' }, opts = { opts, 't', true } })
+
+  local pred
+  if opts and opts.predicate then
+    vim.validate({ value = { value, 'c' } })
+    pred = value
+  else
+    pred = function(v)
+      return v == value
+    end
+  end
+
+  for _, v in pairs(t) do
+    if pred(v) then
+      return true
+    end
+  end
+  return false
+end
+
+--- Checks if a list-like table (integer keys without gaps) contains `value`.
+---
+---@see |vim.tbl_contains()| for checking values in general tables
+---
+---@param t table Table to check (must be list-like, not validated)
 ---@param value any Value to compare
 ---@return boolean `true` if `t` contains `value`
-function vim.tbl_contains(t, value)
+function vim.list_contains(t, value)
   vim.validate({ t = { t, 't' } })
 
   for _, v in ipairs(t) do
diff --git a/scripts/gen_help_html.lua b/scripts/gen_help_html.lua
index 367ce60765..e2ab70eca2 100644
--- a/scripts/gen_help_html.lua
+++ b/scripts/gen_help_html.lua
@@ -491,7 +491,7 @@ local function visit_node(root, level, lang_tree, headings, opt, stats)
       return ''  -- Discard common "noise" lines.
     end
     -- XXX: Avoid newlines (too much whitespace) after block elements in old (preformatted) layout.
-    local div = opt.old and root:child(0) and vim.tbl_contains({'column_heading', 'h1', 'h2', 'h3'}, root:child(0):type())
+    local div = opt.old and root:child(0) and vim.list_contains({'column_heading', 'h1', 'h2', 'h3'}, root:child(0):type())
     return string.format('%s%s', div and trim(text) or text, div and '' or '\n')
   elseif node_name == 'line_li' then
     local sib = root:prev_sibling()
@@ -522,7 +522,7 @@ local function visit_node(root, level, lang_tree, headings, opt, stats)
       s = fix_tab_after_conceal(s, node_text(root:next_sibling()))
     end
     return s
-  elseif vim.tbl_contains({'codespan', 'keycode'}, node_name) then
+  elseif vim.list_contains({'codespan', 'keycode'}, node_name) then
     if root:has_error() then
       return text
     end
@@ -554,7 +554,7 @@ local function visit_node(root, level, lang_tree, headings, opt, stats)
     if root:has_error() then
       return text
     end
-    local in_heading = vim.tbl_contains({'h1', 'h2', 'h3'}, parent)
+    local in_heading = vim.list_contains({'h1', 'h2', 'h3'}, parent)
     local cssclass = (not in_heading and get_indent(node_text()) > 8) and 'help-tag-right' or 'help-tag'
     local tagname = node_text(root:child(1), false)
     if vim.tbl_count(stats.first_tags) < 2 then
@@ -601,7 +601,7 @@ local function get_helpfiles(include)
   for f, type in vim.fs.dir(dir) do
     if (vim.endswith(f, '.txt')
         and type == 'file'
-        and (not include or vim.tbl_contains(include, f))) then
+        and (not include or vim.list_contains(include, f))) then
       local fullpath = vim.fn.fnamemodify(('%s/%s'):format(dir, f), ':p')
       table.insert(rv, fullpath)
     end
diff --git a/scripts/lintcommit.lua b/scripts/lintcommit.lua
index f9a4631b7e..7f3dffd22c 100644
--- a/scripts/lintcommit.lua
+++ b/scripts/lintcommit.lua
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ local function validate_commit(commit_message)
   -- Check if type is correct
   local type = vim.split(before_colon, "(", {plain = true})[1]
   local allowed_types = {'build', 'ci', 'docs', 'feat', 'fix', 'perf', 'refactor', 'revert', 'test', 'vim-patch'}
-  if not vim.tbl_contains(allowed_types, type) then
+  if not vim.list_contains(allowed_types, type) then
     return string.format(
       [[Invalid commit type "%s". Allowed types are:
       %s.
diff --git a/test/functional/lua/vim_spec.lua b/test/functional/lua/vim_spec.lua
index 85e45788e8..6b69018bc0 100644
--- a/test/functional/lua/vim_spec.lua
+++ b/test/functional/lua/vim_spec.lua
@@ -461,6 +461,22 @@ describe('lua stdlib', function()
       pcall_err(exec_lua, [[return vim.pesc(2)]]))
   end)
 
+  it('vim.list_contains', function()
+    eq(true, exec_lua("return vim.list_contains({'a','b','c'}, 'c')"))
+    eq(false, exec_lua("return vim.list_contains({'a','b','c'}, 'd')"))
+  end)
+
+  it('vim.tbl_contains', function()
+    eq(true, exec_lua("return vim.tbl_contains({'a','b','c'}, 'c')"))
+    eq(false, exec_lua("return vim.tbl_contains({'a','b','c'}, 'd')"))
+    eq(true, exec_lua("return vim.tbl_contains({[2]='a',foo='b',[5] = 'c'}, 'c')"))
+    eq(true, exec_lua([[
+        return vim.tbl_contains({ 'a', { 'b', 'c' } }, function(v)
+          return vim.deep_equal(v, { 'b', 'c' })
+        end, { predicate = true })
+    ]]))
+  end)
+
   it('vim.tbl_keys', function()
     eq({}, exec_lua("return vim.tbl_keys({})"))
     for _, v in pairs(exec_lua("return vim.tbl_keys({'a', 'b', 'c'})")) do