diff --git a/runtime/lua/vim/filetype.lua b/runtime/lua/vim/filetype.lua
index e64923ab54..9141b1e4c6 100644
--- a/runtime/lua/vim/filetype.lua
+++ b/runtime/lua/vim/filetype.lua
@@ -1656,6 +1656,11 @@ local pattern = {
   ['.*/dtrace/.*%.d'] = 'dtrace',
   ['.*esmtprc'] = 'esmtprc',
   ['.*Eterm/.*%.cfg'] = 'eterm',
+  ['.*s6.*/up'] = 'execline',
+  ['.*s6.*/down'] = 'execline',
+  ['.*s6.*/run'] = 'execline',
+  ['.*s6.*/finish'] = 'execline',
+  ['s6%-.*'] = 'execline',
   ['[a-zA-Z0-9].*Dict'] = detect.foam,
   ['[a-zA-Z0-9].*Dict%..*'] = detect.foam,
   ['[a-zA-Z].*Properties'] = detect.foam,
diff --git a/runtime/lua/vim/filetype/detect.lua b/runtime/lua/vim/filetype/detect.lua
index 9d0f1bd3ab..a1c5ac73b4 100644
--- a/runtime/lua/vim/filetype/detect.lua
+++ b/runtime/lua/vim/filetype/detect.lua
@@ -1661,6 +1661,7 @@ local patterns_hashbang = {
   ['^\\%(rexx\\|regina\\)\\>'] = { 'rexx', { vim_regex = true } },
   ['^janet\\>'] = { 'janet', { vim_regex = true } },
   ['^dart\\>'] = { 'dart', { vim_regex = true } },
+  ['^execlineb\\>'] = { 'execline', { vim_regex = true } },
 }
 
 ---@private
diff --git a/test/old/testdir/test_filetype.vim b/test/old/testdir/test_filetype.vim
index 4288a5bde5..9f493bb792 100644
--- a/test/old/testdir/test_filetype.vim
+++ b/test/old/testdir/test_filetype.vim
@@ -226,6 +226,7 @@ func s:GetFilenameChecks() abort
     \ 'esqlc': ['file.ec', 'file.EC'],
     \ 'esterel': ['file.strl'],
     \ 'eterm': ['anyEterm/file.cfg', 'Eterm/file.cfg', 'some-Eterm/file.cfg'],
+    \ 'execline': ['/etc/s6-rc/run', './s6-rc/src/dbus-srv/up', '/sbin/s6-shutdown'],
     \ 'exim': ['exim.conf'],
     \ 'expect': ['file.exp'],
     \ 'exports': ['exports'],
@@ -828,6 +829,7 @@ let s:script_checks = {
       \         ['#!/path/itclsh'],
       \         ['#!/path/itkwish']],
       \ 'expect': [['#!/path/expect']],
+      \ 'execline': [['#!/sbin/execlineb -S0'], ['#!/usr/bin/execlineb']],
       \ 'gnuplot': [['#!/path/gnuplot']],
       \ 'make': [['#!/path/make']],
       \ 'nix': [['#!/path/nix-shell']],
@@ -879,6 +881,7 @@ let s:script_env_checks = {
       \ 'perl': [['#!/usr/bin/env VAR=val perl']],
       \ 'scala': [['#!/usr/bin/env VAR=val VVAR=vval scala']],
       \ 'awk': [['#!/usr/bin/env VAR=val -i awk']],
+      \ 'execline': [['#!/usr/bin/env execlineb']],
       \ 'scheme': [['#!/usr/bin/env VAR=val --ignore-environment scheme']],
       \ 'python': [['#!/usr/bin/env VAR=val -S python -w -T']],
       \ 'wml': [['#!/usr/bin/env VAR=val --split-string wml']],