Btrfs writes go through delalloc to the data=ordered code. This
makes sure that all of the data is on disk before the metadata
that references it. The tracking means that we have to make sure
each page in an extent is fully written before we add that extent into
the on-disk btree.
This was done in the past by setting the EXTENT_ORDERED bit for the
range of an extent when it was added to the data=ordered code, and then
clearing the EXTENT_ORDERED bit in the extent state tree as each page
finished IO.
One of the reasons we had to do this was because sometimes pages are
magically dirtied without page_mkwrite being called. The EXTENT_ORDERED
bit is checked at writepage time, and if it isn't there, our page become
dirty without going through the proper path.
These bit operations make for a number of rbtree searches for each page,
and can cause considerable lock contention.
This commit switches from the EXTENT_ORDERED bit to use PagePrivate2.
As pages go into the ordered code, PagePrivate2 is set on each one.
This is a cheap operation because we already have all the pages locked
and ready to go.
As IO finishes, the PagePrivate2 bit is cleared and the ordered
accoutning is updated for each page.
At writepage time, if the PagePrivate2 bit is missing, we go into the
writepage fixup code to handle improperly dirtied pages.
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
This changes the btrfs code to find delalloc ranges in the extent state
tree to use the new state caching code from set/test bit. It reduces
one of the biggest causes of rbtree searches in the writeback path.
test_range_bit is also modified to take the cached state as a starting
point while searching.
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Part of reducing fsync/O_SYNC/O_DIRECT latencies is using WRITE_SYNC for
writes we plan on waiting on in the near future. This patch
mirrors recent changes in other filesystems and the generic code to
use WRITE_SYNC when WB_SYNC_ALL is passed and to use WRITE_SYNC for
other latency critical writes.
Btrfs uses async worker threads for checksumming before the write is done,
and then again to actually submit the bios. The bio submission code just
runs a per-device list of bios that need to be sent down the pipe.
This list is split into low priority and high priority lists so the
WRITE_SYNC IO happens first.
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Renames and truncates are both common ways to replace old data with new
data. The filesystem can make an effort to make sure the new data is
on disk before actually replacing the old data.
This is especially important for rename, which many application use as
though it were atomic for both the data and the metadata involved. The
current btrfs code will happily replace a file that is fully on disk
with one that was just created and still has pending IO.
If we crash after transaction commit but before the IO is done, we'll end
up replacing a good file with a zero length file. The solution used
here is to create a list of inodes that need special ordering and force
them to disk before the commit is done. This is similar to the
ext3 style data=ordering, except it is only done on selected files.
Btrfs is able to get away with this because it does not wait on commits
very often, even for fsync (which use a sub-commit).
For renames, we order the file when it wasn't already
on disk and when it is replacing an existing file. Larger files
are sent to filemap_flush right away (before the transaction handle is
opened).
For truncates, we order if the file goes from non-zero size down to
zero size. This is a little different, because at the time of the
truncate the file has no dirty bytes to order. But, we flag the inode
so that it is added to the ordered list on close (via release method). We
also immediately add it to the ordered list of the current transaction
so that we can try to flush down any writes the application sneaks in
before commit.
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Merge list_for_each* and list_entry to list_for_each_entry*
Signed-off-by: Qinghuang Feng <qhfeng.kernel@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Btrfs stores checksums for each data block. Until now, they have
been stored in the subvolume trees, indexed by the inode that is
referencing the data block. This means that when we read the inode,
we've probably read in at least some checksums as well.
But, this has a few problems:
* The checksums are indexed by logical offset in the file. When
compression is on, this means we have to do the expensive checksumming
on the uncompressed data. It would be faster if we could checksum
the compressed data instead.
* If we implement encryption, we'll be checksumming the plain text and
storing that on disk. This is significantly less secure.
* For either compression or encryption, we have to get the plain text
back before we can verify the checksum as correct. This makes the raid
layer balancing and extent moving much more expensive.
* It makes the front end caching code more complex, as we have touch
the subvolume and inodes as we cache extents.
* There is potentitally one copy of the checksum in each subvolume
referencing an extent.
The solution used here is to store the extent checksums in a dedicated
tree. This allows us to index the checksums by phyiscal extent
start and length. It means:
* The checksum is against the data stored on disk, after any compression
or encryption is done.
* The checksum is stored in a central location, and can be verified without
following back references, or reading inodes.
This makes compression significantly faster by reducing the amount of
data that needs to be checksummed. It will also allow much faster
raid management code in general.
The checksums are indexed by a key with a fixed objectid (a magic value
in ctree.h) and offset set to the starting byte of the extent. This
allows us to copy the checksum items into the fsync log tree directly (or
any other tree), without having to invent a second format for them.
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
When reading compressed extents, try to put pages into the page cache
for any pages covered by the compressed extent that readpages didn't already
preload.
Add an async work queue to handle transformations at delayed allocation processing
time. Right now this is just compression. The workflow is:
1) Find offsets in the file marked for delayed allocation
2) Lock the pages
3) Lock the state bits
4) Call the async delalloc code
The async delalloc code clears the state lock bits and delalloc bits. It is
important this happens before the range goes into the work queue because
otherwise it might deadlock with other work queue items that try to lock
those extent bits.
The file pages are compressed, and if the compression doesn't work the
pages are written back directly.
An ordered work queue is used to make sure the inodes are written in the same
order that pdflush or writepages sent them down.
This changes extent_write_cache_pages to let the writepage function
update the wbc nr_written count.
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
This patch updates btrfs-progs for fallocate support.
fallocate is a little different in Btrfs because we need to tell the
COW system that a given preallocated extent doesn't need to be
cow'd as long as there are no snapshots of it. This leverages the
-o nodatacow checks.
Signed-off-by: Yan Zheng <zheng.yan@oracle.com>
This patch simplifies the nodatacow checker. If all references
were created after the latest snapshot, then we can avoid COW
safely. This patch also updates run_delalloc_nocow to do more
fine-grained checking.
Signed-off-by: Yan Zheng <zheng.yan@oracle.com>
This is a large change for adding compression on reading and writing,
both for inline and regular extents. It does some fairly large
surgery to the writeback paths.
Compression is off by default and enabled by mount -o compress. Even
when the -o compress mount option is not used, it is possible to read
compressed extents off the disk.
If compression for a given set of pages fails to make them smaller, the
file is flagged to avoid future compression attempts later.
* While finding delalloc extents, the pages are locked before being sent down
to the delalloc handler. This allows the delalloc handler to do complex things
such as cleaning the pages, marking them writeback and starting IO on their
behalf.
* Inline extents are inserted at delalloc time now. This allows us to compress
the data before inserting the inline extent, and it allows us to insert
an inline extent that spans multiple pages.
* All of the in-memory extent representations (extent_map.c, ordered-data.c etc)
are changed to record both an in-memory size and an on disk size, as well
as a flag for compression.
From a disk format point of view, the extent pointers in the file are changed
to record the on disk size of a given extent and some encoding flags.
Space in the disk format is allocated for compression encoding, as well
as encryption and a generic 'other' field. Neither the encryption or the
'other' field are currently used.
In order to limit the amount of data read for a single random read in the
file, the size of a compressed extent is limited to 128k. This is a
software only limit, the disk format supports u64 sized compressed extents.
In order to limit the ram consumed while processing extents, the uncompressed
size of a compressed extent is limited to 256k. This is a software only limit
and will be subject to tuning later.
Checksumming is still done on compressed extents, and it is done on the
uncompressed version of the data. This way additional encodings can be
layered on without having to figure out which encoding to checksum.
Compression happens at delalloc time, which is basically singled threaded because
it is usually done by a single pdflush thread. This makes it tricky to
spread the compression load across all the cpus on the box. We'll have to
look at parallel pdflush walks of dirty inodes at a later time.
Decompression is hooked into readpages and it does spread across CPUs nicely.
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
This reworks the btrfs O_DIRECT write code a bit. It had always fallen
back to buffered IO and done an invalidate, but needed to be updated
for the data=ordered code. The invalidate wasn't actually removing pages
because they were still inside an ordered extent.
This also combines the O_DIRECT/O_SYNC paths where possible, and kicks
off IO in the main btrfs_file_write loop to keep the pipe down the the
disk full as we process long writes.
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
This improves the comments at the top of many functions. It didn't
dive into the guts of functions because I was trying to
avoid merging problems with the new allocator and back reference work.
extent-tree.c and volumes.c were both skipped, and there is definitely
more work todo in cleaning and commenting the code.
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
* Add an EXTENT_BOUNDARY state bit to keep the writepage code
from merging data extents that are in the process of being
relocated. This allows us to do accounting for them properly.
* The balancing code relocates data extents indepdent of the underlying
inode. The extent_map code was modified to properly account for
things moving around (invalidating extent_map caches in the inode).
* Don't take the drop_mutex in the create_subvol ioctl. It isn't
required.
* Fix walking of the ordered extent list to avoid races with sys_unlink
* Change the lock ordering rules. Transaction start goes outside
the drop_mutex. This allows btrfs_commit_transaction to directly
drop the relocation trees.
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Before setting an extent to delalloc, the code needs to wait for
pending ordered extents.
Also, the relocation code needs to wait for ordered IO before scanning
the block group again. This is because the extents are not removed
until the IO for the new extents is finished
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Checksum items are not inserted into the tree until all of the io from a
given extent is complete. This means one dirty page from an extent may
be written, freed, and then read again before the entire extent is on disk
and the checksum item is inserted.
The checksums themselves are stored in the ordered extent so they can
be inserted in bulk when IO is complete. On read, if a checksum item isn't
found, the ordered extents were being searched for a checksum record.
This all worked most of the time, but the checksum insertion code tries
to reduce the number of tree operations by pre-inserting checksum items
based on i_size and a few other factors. This means the read code might
find a checksum item that hasn't yet really been filled in.
This commit changes things to check the ordered extents first and only
dive into the btree if nothing was found. This removes the need for
extra locking and is more reliable.
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Stress testing was showing data checksum errors, most of which were caused
by a lookup bug in the extent_map tree. The tree was caching the last
pointer returned, and searches would check the last pointer first.
But, search callers also expect the search to return the very first
matching extent in the range, which wasn't always true with the last
pointer usage.
For now, the code to cache the last return value is just removed. It is
easy to fix, but I think lookups are rare enough that it isn't required anymore.
This commit also replaces do_sync_mapping_range with a local copy of the
related functions.
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
* In btrfs_delete_inode, wait for ordered extents after calling
truncate_inode_pages. This is much faster, and more correct
* Properly clear our the PageChecked bit everywhere we redirty the page.
* Change the writepage fixup handler to lock the page range and check to
see if an ordered extent had been inserted since the improperly dirtied
page was discovered
* Wait for ordered extents outside the transaction. This isn't required
for locking rules but does improve transaction latencies
* Reduce contention on the alloc_mutex by dropping it while incrementing
refs on a node/leaf and while dropping refs on a leaf.
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Data checksumming is done right before the bio is sent down the IO stack,
which means a single bio might span more than one ordered extent. In
this case, the checksumming data is split between two ordered extents.
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Checksum items are not inserted until the entire ordered extent is on disk,
but individual pages might be clean and available for reclaim long before
the whole extent is on disk.
In order to allow those pages to be freed, we need to be able to search
the list of ordered extents to find the checksum that is going to be inserted
in the tree. This way if the page needs to be read back in before
the checksums are in the btree, we'll be able to verify the checksum on
the page.
This commit adds the ability to search the pending ordered extents for
a given offset in the file, and changes btrfs_releasepage to allow
ordered pages to be freed.
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
This changes the ordered data code to update i_size after the extent
is on disk. An on disk i_size is maintained in the in-memory btrfs inode
structures, and this is updated as extents finish.
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
The old data=ordered code would force commit to wait until
all the data extents from the transaction were fully on disk. This
introduced large latencies into the commit and stalled new writers
in the transaction for a long time.
The new code changes the way data allocations and extents work:
* When delayed allocation is filled, data extents are reserved, and
the extent bit EXTENT_ORDERED is set on the entire range of the extent.
A struct btrfs_ordered_extent is allocated an inserted into a per-inode
rbtree to track the pending extents.
* As each page is written EXTENT_ORDERED is cleared on the bytes corresponding
to that page.
* When all of the bytes corresponding to a single struct btrfs_ordered_extent
are written, The previously reserved extent is inserted into the FS
btree and into the extent allocation trees. The checksums for the file
data are also updated.
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
This allows us to delete an unlinked inode with dirty pages from the list
instead of forcing commit to write these out before deleting the inode.
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
2.6.18 seems to get caught in an infinite loop when
cancel_rearming_delayed_workqueue is called more than once, so this switches
to cancel_delayed_work, which is arguably more correct.
Also, balance_dirty_pages can run into problems with 2.6.18 based kernels
because it doesn't have the per-bdi dirty limits. This avoids calling
balance_dirty_pages on the btree inode unless there is actually something
to balance, which is a good optimization in general.
Finally there's a compile fix for ordered-data.h
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Using ilookup5 during data=ordered writeback could deadlock on I_LOCK. This
saves a pointer to the inode instead.
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
This forces file data extents down the disk along with the metadata that
references them. The current implementation is fairly simple, and just
writes out all of the dirty pages in an inode before the commit.
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
